In this paper, the effect of a simple convection scheme on the zonally averaged tropical general circulation is examined within an idealized moist GCM to obtain broad classifications of the influence of convection on the Tropics. This is accomplished with a simplified convection scheme in the style of Betts and Miller. The scheme is utilized in a moist GCM with simplified physical parameterizat...

A b s t r a c t : Hydrodynamic simulations of the solar convection zone can be used to model the generation of differential rotation and magnetic fields, and to determine mean-field transport coefficients that are needed in mean-field models. The importance of the overshoot layer beneath the solar convection zone is discussed: it is the place where the magnetic field accumulates, although most ...

In this paper we consider various blends of implicit and explicit time integration schemes based on the well-known BDF2 method, applied to convection-diffusion problems with dominating convection. A fully implicit treatment of convection terms is often not very efficient. We shall deal with schemes that are implicit in the convection terms only locally in space, without introducing the internal...

We briefly review the crucial effect that convection plays in the evolution, interior and atmospheric physics of brown dwarfs. In particular, we discuss: (1) the role of convection in the interior structure and evolution of brown dwarfs (BDs); (2) the importance of convection in the atmospheres of ultra-cool objects, at both high and low gravities (i.e., in both young and old BDs); and (3) the ...

Daily averaged TOGA COARE data are analyzed to test our hypothesis that convection is amplified (attenuated) via sub-critical (super-critical) gross moist stability which corresponds to a bottom-heavy (top-heavy) vertical velocity profile. Gross moist stability (GMS) is a quantity which represents efficiency of moist static energy (MSE) export by convection and associated large-scale circulatio...

This paper deals with the finite element solution of the convection diffusion equation in one and two dimensions. Two main techniques are adopted and compared. The first one includes Petrov-Galerkin based on Lagrangian tensor product elements in conjunction with streamlined upwinding. The second approach represents Bubnov/Petrov-Galerkin schemes based on a new group of exponential elements. It ...

The characteristics of shallow and deep convection during the Tropical Rainfall Measuring Mission/ Large-Scale Biosphere–Atmosphere Experiment in Amazonia (TRMM/LBA) and the Eastern Pacific Investigation of Climate Processes in the Coupled Ocean–Atmosphere System (EPIC) are evaluated in this study. Using high-quality radar data collected during these two tropical field experiments, the reflecti...

The spatial and temporal variability of convection during the North American Monsoon Experiment (NAME) was examined via analysis of three-dimensional polarimetric radar data. Terrain bands were defined as the Gulf of California (over water) and elevations of 0–500 m above mean sea level (MSL; coastal plain), 500–1500 m MSL, and .1500 m MSL. Convective rainfall over the Gulf typically featured t...

A new mean-field theory of turbulent convection is developed by considering only the small-scale part of spectra as "turbulence" and the large-scale part, as a "mean flow," which includes both regular and semiorganized motions. The developed theory predicts the convective wind instability in a shear-free turbulent convection. This instability causes formation of large-scale semiorganized fluid ...

We present first realistic numerical simulations of 3D radiative convection in the surface layers of main sequence A-type stars with T eff = 8000 K and 8500 K, log g = 4.4 and 4.0, recently performed with the CO 5 BOLD radiation hydrodynamics code. The resulting models are used to investigate the structure of the H+He I and the He II convection zones in comparison with the predictions of local ...