Digital products such as movies, music and computer software are protected both by self-help measures such as encryption and copy controls, and by the legal right to prevent copying. We explore how digital rights management and other technical protections a®ect the pricing of content, and consequently, why content users, content vendors, and antitrust authorities might have di®erent views on wh...

Discussed in this Brief: The impact of legal protection on crime victims’ rights. This survey of more than 1,300 crime victims, the largest of its kind, was conducted by the National Center for Victims of Crime to find out whether State constitutional amendments and other legal measures designed to protect crime victims’ rights have been effective. The researchers sought the views of victims in...

The views expressed herein are those of the author(s) and do not necessarily reflect the views of the National Bureau of Economic Research. ' 2007 by Alexander Muermann and Howard Kunreuther. All rights reserved. Short sections of text, not to exceed two paragraphs, may be quoted without explicit permission provided that full credit, including ' notice, is given to the source. ABSTRACT We study...

The notion of authorship is a core element in antipiracy campaigns accompanying an emerging copyright regime, worldwide. These campaigns are built on discourses that aim to 'problematize' the issues of 'legality' of content downloading practices, 'protection' for content creators and the alleged damage caused to creators' livelihood by piracy. Under these tensions, fandom both subverts such dis...

The purpose of this paper is to investigate how different types of strategic interaction affect firms’ optimal levels of digital rights management (DRM). In our game-theoretical duopoly model, the firms do not directly compete with prices, but they become interdependent while coping with digital piracy. Our analysis shows that (1) stricter public copy protection by the government leads to lower...

Software protection has immense importance for software developers and the computer industry. The ability to protect ideas and concepts that hold important value is pivotal for companies when justifying investment into researching new ideas. But how does software protection affect innovation and competition and does current protection effectively address special issues that are unique to the co...

In this paper, we present WebGuard, a content protection system for Web documents. WebGuard allows content owners to exercise control over usage conditions governing access to their content. We first introduce the concept of transparent digital rights management, and then show how WebGuard realizes it, using existing Web browsers.

This paper investigates under which conditions firms use fixed-term contracts, subcontracted and freelance work. Using a probit model which accounts for unobserved heterogeneity, we find that positive changes in expected or actual turnover are associated with a higher probability of employing atypical work, which suggests that these forms of employment are used as means of adjustment. Other imp...

Approaches to assess copy number variation have advanced rapidly and are being incorporated into genetic studies. While the technology exists for CNV genotyping, a further understanding and discussion of how to use the CNV data for association analyses is warranted. We present the options available for processing and analysing CNV data. We break these steps down into choice of genotyping platfo...