A 71-YEAR-OLD WOMAN experienced vision loss for 2 weeks in her right eye along with jaw pain, headache, fevers, and malaise. Her visual acuity was 20/200 OD and 20/30 OS. She had a right afferent pupillary defect. Findings from her fundus examination were normal except for rare cotton-wool spots (Figure 1). Her blood pressure was normal. A fluorescein angiogram revealed delayed choroidal fillin...

Microaneurysms physical weakening of the capillary walls which predisposes them to leakages. Hard exudates precipitates of lipoproteins/other proteins leaking from retinal blood vessels. Haemorrhages rupture of weakened capillaries, appearing as small dots/larger blots or 'flame' haemorrhages that track along nerve-fibre bundles in superficial retinal layers (the haemorrhage arises from larger ...

A 43 year old intravenous drug abuser presented to the accident and emergency department with a three week history of bilateral visual loss and frontal headaches. Fundoscopy revealed bilateral retinal cotton wool spots and haemorrhages and an ophthalmic opinion was requested. His blood pressure was subsequently found to be 210/140. A diagnosis of malignant hypertension was made and blood pressu...

PURPOSE To evaluate the best method for decontaminating tooth enamel contaminated by contact with blood before bonding orthodontic buttons. MATERIALS AND METHODS The labial surfaces of 195 bovine incisors initially received prophylaxis, followed by 37% phosphoric acid etching, adhesive application, and light polymerization. After this, the labial surfaces of all teeth were contaminated with b...

Adsorption of dye methylene blue from aqueous solution on the surface of sheep wool and cotton fibers was accomplished under the optimize conditions of temperature, concentration, pH, stay time duration and quantity of adsorbent. Spectrometric technique was used for the measurements of concentration of dye before and after adsorption. The percentage removal and distribution constant (KD) values...

Glass wool, hydrophilic cotton wool, non-electrically charged BIO-GEL P2 and common tissue paper columns were used to purify trypomastigotes from a mixed Trypanosoma cruzi population grown in axenic culture medium. With all these columns, highly purified (up to 98%) trypomastigote preparations were obtained. Trypomastigote yields from cotton wool, BIO-GEL P2 and common tissue paper columns were...