The mixed-metal cluster [HIrRu3(CO)13] 1 reacts with one equivalent of disubstituted alkynes RC]]CR to give [HIrRu3(CO)11(μ3-η -RC]]CR)] (R = Ph 2; R = Me 3), with a second equivalent of the alkyne the clusters [IrRu3(CO)10(μ4-η -RC]]CR)(μ-η-RC]]CHR)] (R = Ph 4; R = Me 5) are obtained. The single-crystal X-ray structure analyses of 2 and 3 show these clusters to have a tetrahedral Ru3Ir framewo...

Caloric restriction (CR) has been observed to retard aging processes and extend the maximum life span in rodents. In an effort to evaluate the effect of this nutritional intervention on physiologic variables in higher species, several nonhuman primate trials are ongoing. In particular, a study evaluating the independent effect of CR on the extent of atherosclerosis was initiated in 1993 in 32 a...

OBJECTIVE To evaluate the efficiency of quality control performance for a general x-ray machine between computed radiography (CR) and film method. MATERIAL AND METHOD CR performance as a quality control method for a general x-ray machine was compared to the film method. Two raters independently analyzed the result of quality control from both methods. Economic evaluation was performed by cost...

We propose a unified computational framework for the problem of deformation and rigidity of submanifolds in a homogeneous space under geometric constraint. A notion of 1-rigidity of a submanifold under admissible deformations is introduced. It means every admissible deformation of the submanifold osculates a one parameter family of motions up to 1st order. We implement this idea to the question...

We study synaptic plasticity in a complex neuronal cell model where NMDA-spikes can arise in certain dendritic zones. In the context of reinforcement learning, two kinds of plasticity rules are derived, zone reinforcement (ZR) and cell reinforcement (CR), which both optimize the expected reward by stochastic gradient ascent. For ZR, the synaptic plasticity response to the external reward signal...

Faced with reduced levels of food, animals must adjust to the consequences of the shortfall in energy. We explored how C57BL/6 mice withdrew energy from different body tissues during three months of food restriction at graded levels up to 40% (calorie restriction: CR). We compared this to the response to equivalent levels of protein restriction (PR) without a shortfall in calories. Under CR the...

OBJECTIVE To investigate the long-term outcomes of cardiac rehabilitation (CR) on exercise capacity in diabetic (DM) and non-diabetic (non-DM) patients with myocardial infarction (MI). METHODS Of the MI patients who received hospital-based CR from February 2012 to January 2014, we retrospectively reviewed the medical records of the patients who continued follow-up through the outpatient clini...

BACKGROUND Creatine synthesis from guanidinoacetate consumes ~50% of s-adenosylmethionine (SAM)-derived methyl groups, accounting for an equivalent proportion of s-adenosylhomocysteine (SAH) and total homocysteine (tHcys) synthesis. Dietary creatine inhibits the synthesis of guanidinoacetate, thereby lowering plasma tHcys in rats. OBJECTIVE We tested the hypotheses that creatine supplementati...

BACKGROUND Standard therapy (ST) for postoperative pain after knee and hip replacement at the Hamilton Health Sciences Henderson Hospital consists of epidural analgesia or patient-controlled analgesia for the first 48 hours, followed by oral or parenteral analgesics, or both, on an as-needed basis. We compared the efficacy and safety of scheduled controlled-release (CR) oxycodone hydrochloride ...

background and objectivesintercropping or simultaneous growing of two or more crops on the same piece of land has the potential of enhanced ecosystem productivity. in a cereal-legume intercropping system, an increase in cereal and a decrease in legume intercrop yield is reported. several indices such as land equivalent ratio (ler), relative crowding coefficient (k), competitive ratio (cr), aggr...