The COVID-19 pandemic has intensified in 2020 so that many Indonesian workers have been laid off and unemployed. In order to increase the rate of employment during reduce open unemployment rate, government created a pre-employment card program provides opportunities for job seekers obtain training skills are relevant industry needs. This study was made with aim knowing impact on absorption leve...

Driven by foreign investment, tourism in the archipelago of Zanzibar has experienced substantial growth over the last thirty years. Even though it was meant to promote local employment and economic development, foreigners – and Europeans in particular – remained the largest investors as well as the primary benefi ciaries. Tourism development has created new employment opportunities, but it has ...

The study provides a framework to develop economic resilience index for West Virginia counties based on the premise that county economic resilience depends on its physical and human resources, structure and diversity of its economic base (employment and income diversity), entrepreneurial activity and business dynamics and scale and proximity (spatial issues). Using 17 indicators along four of t...

Creating Jobs Through Public Subsidies: An Empirical Analysis This paper analyses the impact of government grants on labour demand using plant level data for manufacturing industry in Ireland. Our data consists of a large sample of plants and their complete grant history. We provide evidence that additional employment is created over and above the level that would have prevailed in the absence ...

It is reasonable to say that Adam Smith (1776) has played an important role in the development of welfare theory. The reasons are at least two. In the first place, he created the invisible hand idea that is one of the most fundamental equilibrating relations in Economic Theory; the equalization of rates of returns as enforced by a tendency of factors to move from low to high returns through the...

Uniquely in the industrialized world, the United States has long had the presumption that employers may legally fire workers “at will,” that is, “for good cause, bad cause, or no cause at all.” During the 1970’s and 1980’s, this presumption eroded rapidly: most U.S. state courts created three classes of common-law restrictions that limited employers’ ability to fire. These exceptions garnered m...

Does entrepreneurship cause urban economic growth and if so how large is the impact? Empirical analysis of such question is hampered by endogeneity. This paper uses two different sets of variables – the homestead exemption levels in state bankruptcy laws from 1975 and the share of MSA overlaying aquifers to instrument for entrepreneurship and examine urban growth between 1993 and 2002. Despite ...

0094-1190/$ see front matter 2010 Elsevier Inc. A doi:10.1016/j.jue.2010.01.002 * Corresponding author. Address: Department of 92697, United States. Fax: +1 949 824 2182. E-mail addresses: [email protected] (D. Neumark 1 Fax: +1 415 291 4401. We use new establishment-level data and geographic mapping methods to improve upon evaluations of the effectiveness of state enterprise zones, focusing on ...

Should You Allow Your Agent to Become Your Competitor? On Non-Compete Agreements in Employment Contracts We discuss a principal-agent model in which the principal has the opportunity to include a non-compete agreement in the employment contract. We show that not imposing such an agreement can be beneficial for the principal as the possibility to leave the firm generates implicit incentives for ...