The tritrophic association of bats, bat flies, and Laboulbeniales microfungi is a remarkably understudied system that may reveal patterns applicable to community ecology theory (hyper)parasites. are biotrophic microfungi, exclusively associated with arthropods, several species specialized on which themselves permanent ectoparasites bats. Several hypotheses were tested biotic abiotic traits infl...

Corrosion behavior of epoxy-coated rebar with different size microdefects in uncarbonated/carbonated simulated pore solution (U/CSPS) seawater concrete was investigated. Specimens both solutions underwent two stages corrosion, according to the electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) response. The initial stage extension corrosion. second dominated by diffusion process, due corrosion produc...

Corrosion morphology is a key factor that influences the reliability and service life of structure. As most structures under stress corrosion, there great need to understand effect on formation conditions different morphologies. This paper introduces numerical method simulate evolution surface The results indicate corroded will become rougher sharper with an increase in stress, as consequence, ...

Molecular, sequence-based environmental surveys of microorganisms have revealed a large degree of previously uncharacterized diversity. However, nearly all studies of the human endogenous bacterial flora have relied on cultivation and biochemical characterization of the resident organisms. We used molecular methods to characterize the breadth of bacterial diversity within the human subgingival ...

Adverse local tissue reaction associated with total hip replacement may occur when mechanically assisted crevice corrosion occurs at metal-metal modular junctions in which at least one of the components is fabricated from cobalt-chromium alloy. Complete removal of components may be associated with significant morbidity; when components are well fixed and in acceptable position, it may be approp...

The monomer macroheterogeneity of commercial bovine serum albumin preparations is entirely due to oxidation of the mercaptalbumin sulfhydryl group. When the sulfhydryl group is oxidized to oxidation states higher than disulfide, circular dichroism and fluorescence data show that a tryptophanyl and a cystinyl residue are perturbed. Measurements conducted through the pH range of the N-F transitio...

The SurA protein facilitates correct folding of outer membrane proteins in gram-negative bacteria. The sequence of Escherichia coli SurA presents four segments, two of which are peptidyl-prolyl isomerases (PPIases); the crystal structure reveals an asymmetric dumbbell, in which the amino-terminal, carboxy-terminal, and first PPIase segments of the sequence form a core structural module, and the...

Voltage-dependent K(+) channels transfer the voltage sensor movement into gate opening or closure through an electromechanical coupling. To test functionally whether an interaction between the S4-S5 linker (L45) and the cytoplasmic end of S6 (S6(T)) constitutes this coupling, the L45 in hKv1.5 was replaced by corresponding hKv2.1 sequence. This exchange was not tolerated but could be rescued by...