To develop an artificial photosynthesis model, the anionic water-soluble carotenoid dye crocetin was electrostatically immobilized onto the surface of cationic surfactant cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB) micellar medium including Mg chlorophyll-a and b (MgChl-a and b) (Cro/MgChl), and its photophysical properties were studied using UV-vis absorption and fluorescence spectroscopy. The fluor...

A novel molecular tool for double-stranded (ds) DNA detection using synthetic peptide is described. The peptide was designed based on the DNA binding domain of the lambda phage CRO repressor (CRO). The designed peptides contain helix-turn-helix (HTH), which is DNA binding motif. A cyclic peptide and a mutant peptide based on CRO were also designed, and the resulting affinity for dsDNA was incre...

It is shown that there is a structural similarity between the presumed DNA-binding regions of the Escherichia coli catabolite gene activator protein ("CAP") and the cro repressor protein ("cro") from bacteriophage lambda. The correspondence between the two proteins is particularly striking for a structural unit consisting of two consecutive alpha-helices. The 24 alpha-carbon atoms that constitu...

"The Global CRO Council (GCC) for Bioanalysis was formed in an effort to bring together many CRO leaders to openly discuss bioanalysis and the regulatory challenges unique to the outsourcing industry"

The Cro protein from bacteriophage has a dimeric fold that evolved from an ancestral allmonomer. The sequence mutations responsible for this dramatic structural evolution are unknown. Here we use analysis of sequence alignments to show that Ala-33, a small side chain in the hydrophobic ‘‘ball-and-socket’’ dimer interface of Cro, was a much larger tryptophan side chain at a previous point in evo...

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Chemical reaction optimization (CRO) is a newly proposed, easy to implement metaheuristic inspired by the phenomena between molecules in chemical reactions. However, CRO behaves like a random search to traverse the whole solution space, which could confine the algorithm’s search ability. The orthogonal experimental design (OED) method is a robust-design method that can obtain the best combinati...

Temperate bacteriophages possess a molecular switch, which regulates the lytic and lysogenic growth. The genomes of the temperate telomere phages N15, PY54 and ɸKO2 harbor a primary immunity region (immB) comprising genes for the prophage repressor, the lytic repressor and a putative antiterminator. The roles of these products are thought to be similar to those of the lambda proteins CI, Cro an...

Depressurization is the dominant process that produces mantle melts on Earth. Depressurization had equally profound but quite different effects in the evolution of ureilite meteorites. The second most abundant type of achondrite, ureilites formed as anatectic restites (olivine + pyroxene + minor, 0.2-6 wt%, carbon) in the mantle(s) of carbonaceous asteroid(s). In ureilites, de-pressurization wa...