A cross-cultural comparison between U.S. and Hong Kong preschoolers examined factors responsible for young children's analogical reasoning errors. On a scene analogy task, both groups had adequate prerequisite knowledge of the key relations, were the same age, and showed similar baseline performance, yet Chinese children outperformed U.S. children on more relationally complex problems. Children...

Two important hypotheses concerning the consequences of work-family conflict are matching-domain effect and cross-domain effect. However, neither of these has been explicitly tested in a Chinese context despite the increasing attention given by business and organization researchers to the Chinese business world. Moreover, the extant evidence is less clear for performance outcomes than for attit...

Cross-cultural communication has become an essential course for international students. As foreign students have different cultural backgrounds and languages, pragmatic failures are inevitable them when communicating in Chinese, thus resulting unpleasant communication. In order to effectively reduce failures, it is necessary analyze the problems that arise process of teaching Chinese as a langu...

This paper reports on a preliminary study on second language (L2) learners’ interlanguage pragmatic (ILP) development in academic written discourse by examining how epistemic modality is used by non-native speaker (NNS) writers compared with NS writers in both native speaker (NS) and NNS corpus data. This study also investigates how NNS writers gradually develop interlanguage pragmatic competen...

The article below provides information about socio-pragmatics, socio-pragmatic analysis, the role of age factor in cross-cultural communication focusing on certain similarities and differences between people different groups during process. Uzbek peers call each other “do'stim” whether they are familiar or not which is English equivalent for word “friend”, usage only refers to someone you know ...

Discourse structure relations can be used to establish collaborative discourses within a cultural digital library. Ranging from factual to more interpersonal levels they describe the intended relations between data and metadata objects, especially annotations. Pragmatics aspects are covered by communicative acts, which complement the discourse structure relations and provide means for metacommu...

The article gives a brief overview over the budding field of game theoretic linguistics, by focusing on game theoretic pragmatics on the one hand, and the usage of evolutionary game theory to model cultural language evolution on the other hand. Two specific applications are discussed in detail: the derivation of scalar implicatures via rational reasoning over communicative strategies, and the p...

511 commercial emails from four asian countries, namely china, pakistan, india, and iran have been analyzed in a mixed-method design. the focus of the study is on the two features of politeness and intimacy. in the quantitative analysis, the model proposed by brown & levinson (1987) and that of coulmas (2005) which have drawn upon the features of indirectness in requesting and the length of...

this study was an attempt to shed light on the use of requestive speech act by iranian nonnative speakers (nnss) of english and canadian native speakers (nss) of english to find out the (possible) similarities and/or differences between the request realizations, and to investigate the influence of the situational variables of power, distance, context familiarity, and l1’s (possible) influence. ...

Few seem to have difficulty in distinguishing between religious and secular institutions, yet there is widespread disagreement regarding what “religion” actually means. Indeed, some go so far as to question whether there is anything at all distinctive about religions. Hence, formulating a definition of “religion” that can command wide assent has proven to be an extremely difficult task. In this...