Here we report on the unexpected electrophoretic behavior of complexes between rod-like virus particles (virions) and bivalent antibodies. The multiple complexes formed by the virions and antibodies migrated with electrophoretic mobilities of much greater absolute values than those of the unbound virions or antibodies while typically complexes have mobilities intermediate to those of their comp...

Biocatalytic syntheses often require unfavorable conditions, which can adversely affect enzyme stability. Consequently, improving the stability of biocatalysts is needed, and this achieved by immobilization. In study, we aimed to compare soluble immobilized transaminases from different species. A cysteine in a consensus sequence was converted single aldehyde formylglycine-generating for directe...

Papain was purified from spray-dried Carica papaya latex using aqueous two-phase system (ATPS). Then it was recovered from PEG phase by in situ immobilization or preparing cross-linked enzyme aggregates (CLEAs). The Plackett-Burman design and the central composite design (CCD) together with the response surface methodology (RSM) were used to optimize the APTS processes. The highly purified papa...

in this study, modified starch was used as a fat replacer in the milk. the fat replacer was manufactured from modified starch such as pre-gelatinized and cross–linked starches. modified starches were manufactured by hydrochloric acid and citric acid treatments from potato and wheat and were added to skim milk at concentrations of 0.15%, 0.30% and 0.45%. viscosity, total solid, fat content, titr...

A separable and highly-stable enzyme system was developed by adsorption of phenylalanine ammonia lyase (PAL) from Rhodotorula glutinis in amino-functionalized macroporous silica gel and subsequent enzyme crosslinking. This resulted in the formation of cross-linked enzyme aggregates (PAL-CLEAs) into macroporous silica gel (MSG-CLEAs). The effect of adsorptive conditions, type of aggregating agen...

background while hepatitis e virus (hev) mostly causes self-limited disease in general population, it is more severe in pregnant women. objectives this study aimed to investigate the seroprevalence of anti-hev igg among a population of pregnant women in west azerbaijan of . patients and methods one hundred thirty six pregnant women referred to urban health centers of urmia for pursuing pregnanc...

materials and methods a total of 228 fecal samples were collected from residents of rural areas of hamadan, west of iran. each fecal sample was divided into two parts, one kept frozen at -20˚c for ag-capture elisa and the other in 10% formalin for the ap staining method. cryptosporidium ag-detection elisa procedure was performed according to the manual of the manufacturer. the preserved samples...