<p>In this paper, miniaturized microstrip crossover circuits are proposed using slots shapes obtained the superformula. The design starts by a conventional half-wavelength square patch crossover. For miniaturization purposes, different superformula slot introduced on patch. crossovers designed to operate at 2.4 GHz 0.8 mm thick FR-4 substrate with relative permittivity of 4.4. designs sim...

Geometric crossover is a representation-independent definition of crossover based on the distance of the search space interpreted as a metric space. It generalizes the traditional crossover for binary strings and other important recombination operators for the most frequently used representations. Using a distance tailored to the problem at hand, the abstract definition of crossover can be used...

BACKGROUND Although interest in assessing the impacts of temperature on mortality has increased, few studies have used a case-crossover design to examine nonlinear and distributed lag effects of temperature on mortality. Additionally, little evidence is available on the temperature-mortality relationship in China or on what temperature measure is the best predictor of mortality. OBJECTIVES Ou...

The objective is to develop a system based on Kansei Engineering to allow preference-based design to be applied to practical product planning and design towards general system goals. Then, in order to execute expert evaluation in this study, we interviewed eleven experts by the EGM to determine the semantic structure of attractiveness from the interviews of experts showing the hierarchy of the ...

The crossover design involves observing the same response variate under different experimental conditions for each subject, and as such, is a special case of a repeated measures or multivariate data structure. The general multivariate linear model provides a natural framework for analysis of such data because generalizations to more complex structures are feasible and follow the same rationale....

BACKGROUND Observational studies are widely used in pharmacoepidemiology. Several designs can be used, in particular self-controlled designs (case-crossover and self-controlled case series). These designs offer the advantage of controlling for time-invariant confounders, which may not be collected in electronic healthcare databases. They are particularly useful in pharmacoepidemiology involving...

RATIONALE, AIMS AND OBJECTIVES The basic single-group interrupted time series analysis (ITSA) design has been shown to be susceptible to the most common threat to validity-history-the possibility that some other event caused the observed effect in the time series. A single-group ITSA with a crossover design (in which the intervention is introduced and withdrawn 1 or more times) should be more r...

Geometric crossover is a representation-independent definition of crossover based on the distance of the search space interpreted as a metric space. It generalizes the traditional crossover for binary strings and other important recombination operators for the most frequently used representations. Using a distance tailored to the problem at hand, the abstract definition of crossover can be used...

Various methods exist for crossing over multi-way loudspeaker systems. These methods include those loosely classified as Linkwitz-Riley filters, constant-voltage filters, and D’Appolito configurations. All these methods do not provide broad-band constant-beamwidth or constant-directivity operation because their vertical radiation patterns change shape as a function of frequency. This paper desc...

Uniform crossover for binary strings has a natural geometric interpretation that allows us to generalize it rigorously to any search space endowed with a notion of distance and any representation [6]. In this paper, we present an analogous characterization for one-point crossover and explicitly derive formally specific one-point crossovers for a number of well-known representations.