Cryptorchidism has been on the rise for several decades and can be observed with frequency of 1-2% of males within the first year of age. It may appear as an isolated disorder or can be a consequence of genetic and endocrine abnormalities connected with somatic anomalies. Its genetic background still seems to be unclear although a range of genes can be responsible for the development of this sy...

OBJECTIVE To analyse the incidence of epididymal anomalies and the structure of the processus vaginalis (PV) in patients with cryptorchidism treated or not with human chorionic gonadotrophin (hCG), and to compare these findings with human fetuses with testes in the scrotum. PATIENTS, MATERIALS AND METHODS We assessed 24 fetuses with a gestational age of 23-35 weeks, and 114 cryptorchid patien...

Cryptorchidism is the most common congenital birth defect in boys and affects about 2-4% full-term male neonates. Its etiology is multifactorial. Purpose. To evaluate the serum bisphenol A (BPA) levels in boys with cryptorchidism and healthy boys and to assess the risk of environmental exposure to BPA using the authors' questionnaire. The data were acquired from a study on boys with cryptorchid...

A study of cryptorchidism was undertaken based on patients identified through the Oxford Record Linkage Study. The cumulative lifetime incidence of archidopexy among males in the study area was estimated to be 3.38%; 88% of orchidopexies were performed on males aged 5 years and over and 32% on those aged 10 and over. In a case-control study with 146 cases ascertained at orchidopexy and 146 matc...

RNA binding protein polypyrimidine tract binding protein 2 (Ptbp2) as a key alternative splicing regulator for male germ cell development is well established. However, its expression levels and role in cryptorchidism testes tissues has not been explored. Additionally, the molecular mechanism of heat stress impacts the correct proliferation and differentiation of germ cells is unclear. To invest...

Effects of endocrine disruptors on experimental animals and wildlife are well established. Antiandrogens and estrogens cause reproductive disorders, such as cryptorchidism, hypospadias, testicular dysgenesis and subfertility. This raises a natural question whether these disorders in humans are also caused by endocrine disrupters and whether they should alert us of harmful exposures. While we st...

Purpose Urologic diseases affected by testosterone can be associated with smaller penis size compared to the normal population. We sought to compare penile length in children with unilateral cryptorchidism and normative data from a cohort of healthy Korean boys. Materials and Methods This study was performed in 259 Korean boys (212, normal cohort; 47, cryptorchidism) aged 6-24 months, each of...

A 21-year-old patient with cryptorchidism was found to have a left inguinal mass on physical examination. The patient was operated with a diagnosis of bilateral cryptorchidism and left inguinal hernia. Besides bilateral inguinal undescended testicles, female genital organs like fallopian tubes, uterus and ovary were found on the exploration.

Bilateral testicular tumours are rare, and 80% of bilateral tumours are metachronous. The incidence of testicular tumours is high in cryptorchidism. Synchronous bilateral testicular tumours are rare, and bilateral synchronous testicular tumours in bilateral cryptorchidism extremely rare, probably not reported previously.