This paper compares and discusses the wearout reliability and analysis of Gold (Au), Palladium (Pd) coated Cu and Pd-doped Cu wires used in fineline Ball Grid Array (BGA) package. Intermetallic compound (IMC) thickness measurement has been carried out to estimate the coefficient of diffusion (Do) under various aging conditions of different bonding wires. Wire pull and ball bond shear strengths ...

Multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWNTs)/Cu-doped ZnO composite powders were prepared by co-precipitation method, and were characterized by X-ray diffraction, electron microscopy, fluorescence spectrum, and ultraviolet spectrum. Experimental results show that the MWNTs can be modified by Cu-doped ZnO nanoparticles with hexagonal wurtzite structure after annealed at 450 °C, and the nanoparticle siz...

Aqueous leaf extract of Plectranthus barbatus was used, for the first time, preparation (2, 6 mol%) silver (Ag)-doped zinc sulfide nanoparticles (ZnS NPs), acting as a stabilizing and capping agent NPs’ production. The obtained metal oxides were characterized by FTIR, UV-visible, XRD, SEM methods. results revealed that 0.02 0.06% Ag-doped ZnS had optical bandgaps 3.20 3.03 eV. XRD evinced cryst...

We report a high-yield, low-cost synthesis route to colloidal CuInS2/ZnS (CIS/ZnS) nanocrystals (NCs) with Cu vacancies in the crystal lattice. Yellow-emitting CIS/ZnS core/shell NCs of high luminescence were facilely synthesized via a stepwise, consecutive hybrid flow reactor approach. It is based on serial combination of a batch-type mixer and a flow-type furnace. In this reactor, the flow ra...

CuInS2 (CIS) quantum dots (QDs) have tunable photoluminescence (PL) behaviors in the visible and near infrared spectral range with markedly lower toxicity than the cadmium-based counterparts, making them very promising applications in light emitting and solar harvesting. However, there still remain material- and fabrication- related obstacles in realizing the high-performance CIS-based QDs with...

ZnS/metal/ZnS (ZMZ) nanomultilayer films with Au, Ag and Cu as a metal layer have been deposited on a glass substrate by thermal evaporation and then, were annealed in air at different temperatures from 100 to 300 ºC for one hour. Several analytical tools such as X-ray diffraction, four point probe and spectrophotometer were used to study the changes in structural, electrical and optical proper...

Transition metal doped semiconductor nanocrystals (d-dots) possess fundamentally different emission properties upon photo- or electroexcitation, which render them as unique emitters for special applications. However, in comparison with intrinsic semiconductor nanocrystals, the potential of d-dots has been barely realized, because many of their unique emission properties mostly rely on precise c...