The late blight pathogen Phytophthora infestans can attack both potato foliage and tubers. When inoculated with P. infestans, foliage of nontransformed 'Russet Burbank' (WT) develops late blight disease while that of transgenic 'Russet Burbank' line SP2211 (+RB) does not. We compared the foliar transcriptome responses of these two lines to P. infestans inoculation using an RNA-seq approach. A t...

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Spray adjuvants can be employed in the foliar application of fertiliser to ensure adhesion of aqueous sprays to the waxy surfaces of foliage (wetters), to improve coverage of spray on foliage (spreaders), to minimise weathering of fertiliser deposits on foliage (stickers/extenders), and to increase the uptake of fertiliser into foliage (humectants, pH modifiers, and penetrants). Even with impro...

Eucalyptus pulverulenta (Baby Blue Eucalyptus) originated from Australia is one of the rare species family (Myrtaceae) and well adapted to hilly regions India. Apart cut foliage utility plant, its leaves have a pleasant aroma like most members Myrtaceae. This study was designed extract essential oil using hydro distillation method. Four different types samples were used (viz. tender leaves, mat...

We examined effects of a first nitrogen (N) fertilizer application on upper-canopy needle morphology and gas exchange in ~20-m-tall loblolly pine (Pinus taeda L.) exposed to elevated carbon dioxide concentration ([CO 2 ]) for 9 years. Duke Forest free-air CO 2 enrichment (FACE) plots were split and half of each ring fertilized with 112 kg ha –1 elemental N applied in two applications in March a...

We examined effects of a first nitrogen (N) fertilizer application on upper-canopy needle morphology and gas exchange in approximately 20-m-tall loblolly pine (Pinus taeda L.) exposed to elevated carbon dioxide concentration ([CO(2)]) for 9 years. Duke Forest free-air CO(2) enrichment (FACE) plots were split and half of each ring fertilized with 112 kg ha(-1) elemental N applied in two applicat...

The midgut pH of gypsy moth (Lymantria dispar) larvae was significantly lower when larvae were fed acidic foliage. At 30 min after the start of a feeding bout, larvae feeding on bigtooth aspen (foliage pH = 6.04) had average midgut pH levels of 10.16, while larvae feeding on red oak foliage (foliage pH = 3.84) had average midgut pH levels of 9.36. Midgut pH was also significantly reduced when l...

Leaf N signature is a powerful tool that can provide an integrated assessment of the nitrogen (N) cycle and whether it is influenced by rising atmospheric CO2 concentration. We tested the hypothesis that elevated CO2 significantly changes foliage d N in a wide range of plant species and ecosystem types. This objective was achieved by determining the dN of foliage of 27 field-grown plant species...

The turbid medium approaches (e.g. Sinoquet et. al., 2001) consider the transmission of light through a continuous medium. To model the spatial heterogeneousness of the foliage the canopy is divided into volume elements and the properties of the foliage contained in a volume element is described in an aggregated manner. The volume element can be for example a horizontal layer of foliage or a cu...

Greenhouse studies were conducted to determine the effect of harvesting sweetpotato [Ipomoea batatas L. (Lam.)] foliage tips (terminal 15 cm) on storage root yield, edible biomass index (EBI), and linear growth rate. Plants were grown hydroponically from 15-cm vine cuttings planted in 0.15 × 0.15 × 1.2-m growth channels using a recirculating nutrient film technique system. Nutrients were suppli...