نتایج جستجو برای: d4

تعداد نتایج: 3479  

Journal: :The Journal of neuroscience : the official journal of the Society for Neuroscience 2002
Izhak Nir Joseph M Harrison Rashidul Haque Malcolm J Low David K Grandy Marcelo Rubinstein P Michael Iuvone

Dopamine is a retinal neuromodulator that has been implicated in many aspects of retinal physiology. Photoreceptor cells express dopamine D4 receptors that regulate cAMP metabolism. To assess the effects of dopamine on photoreceptor physiology, we examined the morphology, electrophysiology, and regulation of cAMP metabolism in mice with targeted disruption of the dopamine D4 receptor gene. Phot...

Journal: :Toxicological sciences : an official journal of the Society of Toxicology 1998
J M McKim P C Wilga G B Kolesar S Choudhuri A Madan L W Dochterman J G Breen A Parkinson R W Mast R G Meeks

Repeated inhalation exposure to octamethylcyclotetrasiloxane (D4) produces a reversible and dose-related hepatomegaly and proliferation of hepatic endoplasmic reticulum in rats. However, the effects of D4 on the expression of cytochrome P450 enzymes have not been evaluated. In the present study, the time course for changes in hepatic microsomal cytochrome P450 enzyme expression following repeat...

Journal: :Journal of neurochemistry 2002
Alicia Rivera Beatriz Cuéllar Francisco J Girón David K Grandy Adelaida de la Calle Rosario Moratalla

Two important aspects of striatal function, exploratory behaviour and motor co-ordination, require the integrity of the dopamine D4 receptor subtype. These receptors are also implicated in the pathophysiology of certain neuropsychiatric disorders. However, the distribution of D4 receptors in the striatum has not yet been described and this situation impairs our understanding of the anatomical s...

Journal: :The Journal of neuroscience : the official journal of the Society for Neuroscience 2003
Xun Wang Ping Zhong Zhenglin Gu Zhen Yan

Increasing evidence has suggested that the interaction between dopaminergic and glutamatergic systems in prefrontal cortex (PFC) plays an important role in normal mental functions and neuropsychiatric disorders. In this study, we examined the regulation of NMDA-type glutamate receptors by the PFC dopamine D4 receptor (one of the principal targets of antipsychotic drugs). Application of the D4 r...

Journal: :Genetics 2005
Atsushi Matsuda Mihoko Takahashi

A genetic investigation of strain d4-95, which carries a recessive mutant allele (pwB(95)) of pawn-B, one of the controlling elements of voltage-dependent calcium channels in Paramecium tetraurelia, revealed a non-Mendelian feature. Progeny of the cross between d4-95 and wild type often expressed a clonally stable mutant phenotype, even when they had a wild-type gene. The mutant phenotype was a...

Journal: :Nihon Naika Gakkai Zasshi 1984

Journal: :Hippocampus 2005
Héctor Romo-Parra Jorge Aceves Rafael Gutiérrez

Dopaminergic pathways have been recognized to play a critical role in cognition and emotion. Dopamine D2 and D4 receptors are the target for most common antipsychotics and their activation, particularly those in the medial temporal lobe structures, has been associated with their beneficial actions. The entorhinal cortex, which is the cortical area most consistently and severely affected in schi...

Journal: :The Journal of comparative neurology 1998
Z U Khan A Gutiérrez R Martín A Peñafiel A Rivera A De La Calle

Dopamine D2-like receptors (D2, D3, and D4) are major targets for action of typical and atypical neuroleptics, commonly used in the treatment of schizophrenia. To understand their individual functional contribution, subtype-selective anti-peptide antibodies were raised against D2, D3, and D4 receptor proteins. The antibodies were shown to be specific on immunoblots of rat brain membranes and im...

2014
Meng Jing Yaohua Wang Pramod Upadhyaya Vipin Jain Jian-Min Yuan Dorothy K. Hatsukami Stephen S. Hecht Irina Stepanov

4-(Methylnitrosamino)-1-(3-pyridyl)-1-butanone (NNK, 1) is a potent tobacco-specific lung carcinogen believed to play a key role in the development of lung cancer in smokers. Metabolic activation of NNK to DNA damaging reactive intermediates proceeds via α-hydroxylation pathways. The end products of these pathways are excreted in the urine of smokers as 4-oxo-4-(3-pyridyl)butanoic acid (keto ac...

Journal: :Journal of leukocyte biology 1994
C S Spada A L Nieves A H Krauss D F Woodward

The motility of isolated normal human peripheral blood eosinophils and neutrophils in response to exogenous leukotrienes B4 and D4 was examined by means of a modified under-agarose technique and a novel quantitative sampling strategy. Leukotriene D4 was a potent chemoattractant for eosinophils, with a significant threshold chemotactic effect evident at 10(-10) M. The abolition of eosinophil che...

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