Abstract In some recent works, Crupi and Iacona proposed an analysis of ‘if’ based on Chrysippus’ idea that a conditional holds whenever the negation its consequent is incompatible with antecedent. This paper presents sound complete system logic accommodates their analysis. The soundness completeness proofs will be provided rely general method elaborated by Raidl, which applies to wide range sy...

Abstract Introduction Eastern migratory monarch butterflies ( Danaus plexippus ) have declined over 80% in recent years, but little is known about fall reproduction the southern U.S. where monarchs may compete with queen gilippus ). Aims/methods We provide data on survival to third instar, associated arthropods, and phenology of breeding queens Texas. Results Monarch was relatively high, varied...

Exposure to temperatures above 29?C has been shown to be detrimental to the de velopment of Monarch Butterfly (Danaus plexippus L.) (Lepidoptera: Nymphalidae) larvae, while it has been assumed that temperatures above 33? are lethal. However, the details of larval sensitiv ity to high temperatures are not clearly understood. We examined the effects of different lengths and timing of high-tempera...

We report the discovery of a neo-sex chromosome in the monarch butterfly, Danaus plexippus, and several of its close relatives. Z-linked scaffolds in the D. plexippus genome assembly were identified via sex-specific differences in Illumina sequencing coverage. Additionally, a majority of the D. plexippus genome assembly was assigned to chromosomes based on counts of one-to-one orthologs relativ...

Determining migratory connectivity within and among diverse taxa is crucial to their conservation. Insect migrations involve millions of individuals are often spectacular. However, in general, virtually nothing known about structure. With anthropogenically induced global change, we risk losing most these before they even described. We used stable hydrogen isotope (?2H) measurements wings seven ...