In many research fields, including social sciences one needs to prepare quality data by pre-processing the raw data. An essential step in analysis process is preparation. The which we collect, never comes a form that can be used immediately. We have take and draw some useful information compiling into right format without errors. Data preparation broadly classified three phases, extract, transf...

Scientific workflows are efficient tools for specifying and automating compute and data intensive in-silico experiments. An important challenge related to their usage is their reproducibility. In order to make it reproducible, many factors have to be investigated which can influence and even prevent this process: the missing descriptions and samples; the missing provenance data about the enviro...

o bjectives: bond strength of composite resin to enamel and dentin of primary teeth is lower than that to permanent teeth; therefore, it may compromise the ad- hesive bonding. new methods, such as laser application have been recently intro- duced for tooth preparation. the purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of tooth preparation with bur and er:yag laser on shear bond strength of c...