Predicting the performance of a full-scale direct contact membrane distillation (DCMD) module based on experimental lab-scale results is rather difficult, since DCMD dependent many different process parameters. Hence, there need for methodology to perform system up-scaling results. In this study, we devise an approach scale up systems by using Buckingham's Pi theorem group parameters into eight...

the surface properties of tio2-pvdf nanocomposite membranes were investigated by incorporating different chemically modified tio2 nanoparticles into the poly (vinylidene fluoride) (pvdf) matrix. the nanocomposite membranes were prepared via dual coagulation bath diffusion and the induced phase inversion method. the membrane surface morphologies were investigated by using sem and afm and related...

In this study, process enhancements achieved by the use of 3D printed feed spacers based on triply periodic minimal surfaces (TPMS) were comparatively assessed using two most common membrane distillation (MD) configurations: air gap (AGMD) and direct contact (DCMD). The MD performance was impact spacer design (TPMS vs. commercial spacer) flux channel pressure drop, their consequent levelized co...

In the direct contact membrane distillation (DCMD) system, temperature polarization due to boundary layer formation limits system performance. This study presents experimental results and heat transfer analysis of a DCMD module coupled with salinity gradient solar pond (SGSP) under three different flow channel configurations. first case, feed permeate channels were both empty, while in next two...

The objective of this research was to evaluate a select number of promising surface treatments for making ceramic membranes hydrophobic and suitable for application in direct contact membrane distillation (DCMD). Alumina anodiscTM membranes were made hydrophobic through surface treatments that utilized perfluorodecyltriethoxysilane, trimethylchlorosilane, or trichloromethylsilane. The effective...

It is well known that the mass flux (J) and the membrane thermal efficiency (η) of membrane distillation increase with the feed flow temperature. A comprehensive laminar and turbulent flow model for simulating and evaluating the performance of direct contact membrane distillation (DCMD) when operated at inlet feed temperature (Tf,i) from 80 °C to 180 °C, higher than the customary maximum of ~80...

Global climate change and variability have a negative impact on a water supply and quality in remote areas by reducing water availability and contaminant dilution. This will continue to be exacerbated by limited and inadequate water supply, insufficient water treatment and low infrastructure. Thus, an economic desalination system with a small scale and footprint for such regions is strongly dem...

Management of in-land reverse osmosis (RO) desalination brines generated from surface brackish waters is a current challenge. Among the different near-Zero and Zero Liquid Discharge (ZLD) alternatives, Membrane Distillation (MD), in which transport water thermally driven, appears as an attractive technology if residual heat source available. The aim this study was to identify limits Direct Cont...

Abstract The multidecadal changes of dust column mass density (DCMD) in Gobi desert (GD) spring are investigated based on the Modern-Era Retrospective analysis for Research and Applications version 2 dataset. In addition, possible effects atmospheric circulation sea surface temperature (SST) forcing analyzed. Results show that aerosol over GD experienced a decadal change 1999 with about 30% hig...

The abundant resource of low-temperature heat sources (≈80–120 °C), e.g., low-concentration solar collectors or shallow geothermal wells, hold huge potential to be a renewable energy supply. A proposed method for harnessing such low-grade is use the distill solution and then utilize produced concentration difference generate work, by means salinity gradient power (SGP) technologies. In this app...