Streszczenie. This paper presents a formal syntax framework of natural languages for computational linguistics. The abstract syntax of natural languages, particularly English, and their formal manipulations are described. On the basis of the abstract syntax, a universal language processing model and the deductive grammar of English are developed toward the formalization of Chomsky’s universal g...

This paper is focused on the extension of Categorial Unification Grammar (CUG) in order to achieve a compact grammatical representation scheme for the syntactic analysis of free word order languages. The resulting grammar was applied to the implementation of an efficient parser within a German natural language interface to a deductive database by making use of the Integrated Deductive Approach ...

Polarity Items are linguistic expressions known for being a ‘lexically controlled’ phenomenon. In this paper we show how their behavior can be implemented in a deductive system. Furthermore, we point out some possible directions to recast the deductive solution into a Tree Adjoining Grammar system. In particular, we suggest to compare the proof system developed for Multimodal Categorial Grammar...

The present study investigated the effects of three types of input-based approaches, deductive instruction, inductive instruction with problem-solving tasks, and inductive instruction with structured input tasks on the acquisition of pragmatic competence. Sixty adult intermediate proficiency native speakers of Japanese were randomly assigned to one of four groups consisting of three treatment g...

This quasi-experimental study examined the effects of input-based, meaning-based output (MO) and traditional instruction (TI) on EFL learners’ grammar learning. To this end, 120 junior high school students were selected from 4 intact classes. Each class was assigned to an instructional condition, that is, textual enhancement (TE), input flood (IF), MO, and TI. Before the treatment, a multiple-c...

Abstract This study aimed to shed light on young Iranian EFL students’ oral proficiency improvement through explicit instruction of formulaic sequences (FSs). This pretest-posttest quasi experimental study was conducted in a bilingual school in Shahrekord, Iran. Accordingly, based on ACTFL OPI test, two groups of low intermediate students with age range of 11 to 12 were chosen to be assigned as...

Abstract This study aimed to shed light on young Iranian EFL students’ oral proficiency improvement through explicit instruction of formulaic sequences (FSs). This pretest-posttest quasi experimental study was conducted in a bilingual school in Shahrekord, Iran. Accordingly, based on ACTFL OPI test, two groups of low intermediate students with age range of 11 to 12 were chosen to be assigned as...