Vertebrobasilar system and its branches constitute the posterior circulation of the brain. The anatomy of the posterior circulation is very complex and is subjected to variations. 1 Superior Cerebellar Arteries (SCAs) are the most consistent branches arising from the basilar artery just below or at the level of its bifurcation. It supplies some portion of the midbrain, the superior surface of t...

There is increasing evidence that, in addition to its major functional role in the regulation of fine motor control, the cerebellum is involved in other important functions, such as sensory-motor learning and memory. Classical conditioning of the eyeblink or nictitating membrane response (and other discrete behavioral responses) is a form of sensory-motor learning that depends crucially upon th...

The authors investigated classical eyeblink conditioning in a relatively rare patient, B.R., with extensive cerebellar cortical atrophy and marked sparing of the dentate nucleus. Patient B.R.'s ability to acquire and extinguish simple associations (delay and trace conditioning tasks) as well as her ability to acquire more complex associations (temporal and simple discrimination tasks) were exam...

Previously reported multisynaptic tracing of the mouse eyeblink circuit [1] revealed characteristic spatiotemporal patterns in cerebellar labelling that suggested well-defined corticonuclear pathways. This project further explores the connectivity of these circuits in the cerebellum and in downstream motor structures. Cerebellar cortical projections to the deep cerebellar nuclei were traced wit...

Spinocerebellar ataxia type 3, spinocerebellar ataxia type 6 and Friedreich's ataxia are common hereditary ataxias. Different patterns of atrophy of the cerebellar cortex are well known. Data on cerebellar nuclei are sparse. Whereas cerebellar nuclei have long been thought to be preserved in spinocerebellar ataxia type 6, histology shows marked atrophy of the nuclei in Friedreich's ataxia and s...

Corticotropin-releasing factor (CRF) receptor-binding sites have been localized and quantified in the rat central nervous system (CNS) by autoradiography with an iodine-125-labeled analogue of ovine CRF substituted with norleucine and tyrosine at amino acid residues 21 and 32, respectively. High affinity and pharmacologically specific receptor-binding sites for CRF were found in discrete areas ...

Autoradiography of excitatory and inhibitory amino acid binding sites in human dentate nuclei indicated virtually no binding to N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) or gamma-aminobutyric acidB (GABAB) binding sites, and a low density of kainate binding sites. alpha-Amino-3-hydroxy-5-methylisoxazole-4-propionic acid, metabotropic-quisqualate, benzodiazepine, and gamma-aminobutyric acidA (GABAA) binding s...

The mammalian GABAJbenzodiazepine (GABAJBZ) receptor is comprised of several subunit isoforms: cq6, f3.3, Y,.~ and 6. In the present studies, the expression of (Y,, p2, and y2 subunit mFiNAs was examined in cerebellar Purkinje cells and deep cerebellar neurons of staggerer mutant mice during postnatal development. In control animals, the three subunit mRNAs were present at high density in Purki...