A B S T R A C T This survey presents the concept of Big Data. Firstly, a definition and the features of Big Data are given. Secondly, the different steps for Big Data data processing and the main problems encountered in big data management are described. Next, a general overview of an architecture for handling it is depicted. Then, the problem of merging Big Data architecture in an already exis...

Simple cycles are the easiest cycles to reveal in Low-Density Parity Check (LDPC) codes. All minimum matrices of simple cycles with the same length will be equivalent after row or column permutations .In this paper,we analysis the structure of simple cycles and show all figures of minimal matrices of simple cycles. Firstly, we introduce a more general definition of cycle and investigate simple ...

In this paper we propose a method for computing JPEG quantization matrices for a given mean square error or PSNR. Then, we employ our method to compute JPEG standard progressive operation mode definition scripts using a quantization approach. Therefore, it is no longer necessary to use a trial and error procedure to obtain a desired PSNR and/or definition script, reducing cost. Firstly, we esta...

Meaningful work is integral to well-being and a flourishing life. The construct of "meaningful work" is, however, consistently affected by conceptual ambiguity. Although there is substantial support for arguments to maintain the status of conceptual ambiguity, we make a case for the benefits of having consensus on a definition and scale of meaningful work in the context of paid work. The object...

ion meaning was defined in terms of an encapsulation and simplification of teleworking; more so in terms of application technology: teleworking as a multi-faceted digital viability with varying levels of application on a par with physical working. The facets align to earlier sections that is, teleworking as per production technology (root definition) enables teleworking to potentially take on m...

In recent years, due to the wide applications of uncertain data, mining frequent itemsets over uncertain databases has attracted much attention. In uncertain databases, the support of an itemset is a random variable instead of a fixed occurrence counting of this itemset. Thus, unlike the corresponding problem in deterministic databases where the frequent itemset has a unique definition, the fre...

Fetal gallstones and cholelithiasis, detected by routine third trimester ultrasound, have been described in the literature with controversial clinical significance. We report a case of fetal cholelithiasis detected at 35 weeks gestation during a routine scan. The diagnosis was performed using an integrated 2-dimensional (2-D) and 3-dimensional (3-D) ultrasound approach in order to obtain a bett...

Here we show that a notion of congruence in statistical structure across 2 0 frequency bands produces a useful definition of visual patterns for perceiving target distinctness. In order to reach such a conclusion, ,firstly, the notion of congruence is used to induce a representational model for 2 0 images. Secondly, the visual-pattern based representational model is used to define a visual targ...

In this paper a methodology to solve scheduling applications (e.g. job-shop) using constraint logic programming (CLP) is presented. Firstly, the CLP problem definition is briefly described. Secondly, a new strategy for finding optimal solution is presented. New strategy consists of three steps. (1) A heuristic capable to find an initial solution of good quality very quickly (upper bound). (2) A...

Solar panel is an important structure of the spacecraft, SADA (Solar Array Drive Assembly is often used as the drive organ to realize the step-skipped gesture adjustment. Firstly, the dis turbance mechanism impact, which was produced from working SADA, to the electro-mechan ism and payload coupling has been taken into account, and the dead, rigid and flexible load S ADA disturbance model was es...