PURPOSE This study was undertaken to evaluate the endothelial pump function by monitoring both corneal swelling response under hypoxia and dehydration response following hypoxia in vivo. METHODS Humidified nitrogen gas was used to obtain corneal swelling, and humidified gas mixed with oxygen and nitrogen was used for corneal dehydration. First, in 6 young volunteers, we investigated the most ...

Much of what we understand about the regulation of arterial pressure and extracellular fluid volume has been derived from studies in men. Although the responses that can be mounted against major physiological challenges to extracellular fluid volume (hemorrhage/dehydration) are essentially similar in men and women, there are marked sex-related differences in the regulation of renal and cardiova...

introduction: water is an essential nutrient for life. it comprises 75% of total body weight in infants,60% in adult males and 50% in adult females. decrease in body water is commonly known as dehydration. acute or chronic dehydration is a common condition in some population groups, especialy the elderly and those who participate in physical activity in warm enviroments. potential consequences ...

Pseudohypoaldosteronism (PHA) is a rare heterogeneous syndrome of mineralocorticoid resistance causing insufficient potassium and hydrogen secretion. PHA type 1 (PHA1) causes neonatal salt loss, failure to thrive, dehydration and circulatory shock. Two different forms of PHA1 can be distinguished on the clinical and genetic level, showing either a systemic or a renal form of mineralocorticoid r...

Cravings for food as appetite and hunger is a healthy reflex reaction to the body’s need for nutriment, just as thirst is the subjective physiological reaction to dehydration. Hypothalamic neuro-peptides released in response to nutritional demands affect brain circuits driving hunger. Unusual cravings for non-nutritive foods or uncontrollable desires for odd choices or combinations of food may ...

White-nose syndrome is devastating North American bat populations but we lack basic information on disease mechanisms. Altered blood physiology owing to epidermal invasion by the fungal pathogen Geomyces destructans (Gd) has been hypothesized as a cause of disrupted torpor patterns of affected hibernating bats, leading to mortality. Here, we present data on blood electrolyte concentration, haem...

Due to extreme weather conditions, a flock of outwintered Icelandic horses had to manage for several days on snow as the source of free water. They were fed grass silage ad lib, and any change in feed consumption was not observed. After nine days, blood samples were taken and analysed for plasma osmolality, they were subjected to a simple clinical examination, and offered drinking water. Osmola...

Larvae of the Antarctic midge, Belgica antarctica (Diptera: Chironomidae), are frequently exposed to dehydrating conditions on the Antarctic Peninsula. In this study, we examined how rates and levels of dehydration alter heat and cold tolerance and how these relate to levels of trehalose within the insect. When dehydrated, larvae tolerated cold and heat stress more effectively, although resista...

Water deficit or dehydration is the most crucial environmental factor that limits crop productivity and influences geographical distribution of many crop plants. It is suggested that dehydration-responsive changes in expression of proteins may lead to cellular adaptation against water deficit conditions. Most of the earlier understanding of dehydration-responsive cellular adaptation has evolved...

In order to understand the effect of grain moisture of inbred lines at the silking and physiological maturity stages on kernel dehydration rate, 59 maize inbred lines from six subgroups were selected. Grain moisture was measured and QTLs associated with kernel dehydration were mapped. A rapid dehydration evaluation and association analysis revealed eight inbred lines with faster dehydration rat...