Characterizations of the risks associated with foodborne pathogens are dependent on the availability of information on the population's exposure to the biological agents. However, by itself, exposure data are insufficient to assess the public health impact of pathogenic microorganisms. This requires the availability of effective dose-response models. Successful development of models that descri...

The human enteric flora plays a significant role in intestinal health and disease. Certain enteric bacteria can inhibit the NF-kappaB pathway by blockade of IkappaB-alpha ubiquitination. IkappaB-alpha ubiquitination is catalyzed by the E3-SCF(betaTrCP) ubiquitin ligase, which is itself regulated via covalent modification of the cullin-1 subunit by the ubiquitin-like protein NEDD8. Neddylation i...

With an increasing number of outbreaks and illnesses associated with produce contaminated before harvest, understanding the potential and mechanisms of produce contamination by enteric pathogens can aid in the development of preventative and post-harvest processing measures to reduce microbial populations. Enteric pathogens localized at subsurface sites on leafy green plant tissue prevent their...

M. Neunlist,* P. Aubert,* S. Bonnaud, L. Van Landeghem, E. Coron, T. Wedel, P. Naveilhan, A. Ruhl, B. Lardeux, T. Savidge, F. Paris, and J. P. Galmiche INSERM U539, IMAD, University of Nantes, 44035 Nantes, France; INSERM U601, 44093 Nantes, France; Department of Anatomy, University of Luebeck, Luebeck, Germany; INSERM U643, 44093 Nantes, France; Technical University Munich, Department of Human...

The epidemiology and clinical presentations of giardiasis are reviewed to provide a basis of understanding the laboratory aspects of this parasitic infection. Diagnosis is then discussed in light of recent studies that challenge our overall approach to the diagnosis of enteric parasites and demonstrate the need for further evaluation on the basis of cost-effectiveness as well as reliability and...

CHROMagar Salmonella (CAS), a new chromogenic medium, was retrospectively compared to Hektoen enteric agar (HEA) with 501 Salmonella stock isolates and was then prospectively compared to HEA for the detection and presumptive identification of Salmonella spp. with 508 stool samples before and after enrichment. All stock cultures (100%), including cultures of H2S-negative isolates, yielded typica...

A computer-controlled mechanism that fits a standard ankle-foot prosthesis was designed to capture the absorbed energy in the ankle and delay its release until specific times in the gait cycle. This mechanism used a direct current motor to take up and hold the compression of a carbon-fiber ankle joint. Based on the timing of the contact forces between the foot and the ground, a microprocessor r...

Malabsorption of prednisolone administered as enteric coated tablets was suspected following therapeutic failure in an asthmatic. This was investigated by cortisol estimation and a Synacthen test and substantiated by the demonstration of abnormally low absorption of prednisolone from these tablets which nevertheless were normally absorbed by a volunteer. The absorption of prednisolone from conv...

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Previous studies have suggested that delayed release of hemoglobin degradation products, particularly iron, is involved in intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH)-induced brain injury. However, a recent study found evidence of iron-induced brain injury soon after ICH. This study, therefore, examined whether another iron-containing component of blood, holo-transferrin (holo-Tf), mi...