Demyelination induced by mouse hepatitis virus (MHV), strain JHM, is in large part immune mediated, but little is known about the mechanisms involved in this process. Previous results suggest that inducible nitric oxide synthase (NOS2) contributes transiently to MHV-induced demyelination. Herein, we show that equivalent amounts of demyelination were evident at day 12 after MHV infection in mice...

Osmotic demyelination syndrome is a devastating neurologic condition that occurs after rapid correction of serum sodium in patients with hyponatremia. Pathologic features of this injury include a well-demarcated region of myelin loss, a breakdown of the blood-brain barrier, and infiltration of microglia. The semisynthetic tetracycline minocycline is protective in some animal models of central n...

The glial scar formed by reactive astrocytes and axon growth inhibitors associated with myelin play important roles in the failure of axonal regeneration following central nervous system (CNS) injury. Our laboratory has previously demonstrated that immunological demyelination of the CNS facilitates regeneration of severed axons following spinal cord injury. In the present study, we evaluate whe...

In recent years, a number of histopathologic studies revealed the presence of cortical demyelination in multiple sclerosis (MS). The underlying mechanisms responsible for cortical demyelination are unresolved. Recently, the presence of cortical lesions in autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) induced in marmosets and Lewis rats has been demonstrated. So far, it is not known whether cortical demyel...

multiple sclerosis (ms) is a complex disease which is correlated with increasing inflammatory factors, demyelination and axonal loss. in this auto-immune disease, neuroinflammation is mediated by different types of t cells with macrophage/microglial activation and b cells involvement that interact in a collaborative manner. focal inflammation is the main cause for the onset of relapses and coul...

BACKGROUND Substantial grey matter (GM) demyelination occurs in both the cerebral cortex and spinal cord in multiple sclerosis (MS). GM demyelination also occurs in the cerebellar cortex and the deep GM nuclei of the brain. However, no study has made a direct "within subject" comparison of the extent of GM pathology between these regions. AIM To examine the extent and pattern of GM demyelinat...