The data in the blockchain cannot be tampered with and users are anonymous, which enables to a natural carrier for covert communication. However, existing methods of communication suffer from predefined channel structure, capacity single transaction is not high, fixed behaviors will lower concealment channel. Therefore, this paper proposes derivation matrix-based method blockchain. It uses dual...

This article presents a new subspace-based technique for reducing the noise of signals in time-series. In the proposed approach, the signal is initially represented as a data matrix. Then using Singular Value Decomposition (SVD), noisy data matrix is divided into signal subspace and noise subspace. In this subspace division, each derivative of the singular values with respect to rank order is u...

In this paper we consider algorithms for the matrix sector function, which is a generalization of the matrix sign function. We develop algorithms for computing the matrix sector function based on the (real) Schur decompositions, with and without reordering and the Parlett recurrence. We prove some results on the convergence regions for the specialized versions of Newton’s and Halley’s methods a...

HIGHER ORDER FRÉCHET DERIVATIVES OF MATRIX FUNCTIONS AND THE LEVEL-2 CONDITION NUMBER∗ NICHOLAS J. HIGHAM† AND SAMUEL D. RELTON† Abstract. The Fréchet derivative Lf of a matrix function f : C n×n → Cn×n controls the sensitivity of the function to small perturbations in the matrix. While much is known about the properties of Lf and how to compute it, little attention has been given to higher ord...

A new bound for the condition number of the matrix exponential is presented. Using the bound, we propose an efficient approximation to the condition number, denoted by κg(s,X), that avoids the computation of the Fréchet derivative of the matrix exponential that underlies condition number estimation in the existing algorithms. We exploit the identity eX = (eX/2 s )2 s for a nonnegative integer s...

in this paper, linear matrix inequality (lmi) approach for synchronization of chaotic fuzzy cellular neural networks (fcnns) with discrete and unbounded distributed delays based on sampled-data controlis investigated. lyapunov-krasovskii functional combining with the input delay approach as well as the free-weighting matrix approach are employed to derive several sufficient criteria in terms of...

The time derivative of a rotation matrix equals the product of a skew-symmetric matrix and the rotation matrix itself. This article gives a brief tutorial on the well-known result.