Spoken language is an important and natural way for people to communicate with computers. Nonetheless, habitable, reliable, and efficient human-machine dialogue remains difficult to achieve. This paper describes a multi-threaded semisynchronous architecture for spoken dialogue systems. The focus here is on its utterance interpretation module. Unlike most architectures for spoken dialogue system...

The relationship between the Tibetan prelate Tāranātha (1575-1634) and his major patrons, the various sDe pa of gTsang is a most complex one. In studying it I am increasingly aware that the wealth of detail to be gleaned from the various relevant texts is not just limited to the narrow study of the lives of just a few people, in this case those of Tāranātha and the various rulers of gTsang. Ind...

objective: gender selection and family planning have their roots in human history. despite great interest in these fields, very few scientific propositions exist which could explain why some family do not attain the desired sex. therefore, the aim of this study was to evaluate whether sex of previous child or children could affect the outcomes of pre-implantation genetic diagnosis (pgd). materi...

in this study, it has been observed that the natural similarity of the blood flow to both kidneys, despite the differences of length of the right and left renal arteries, is due to the angle of distribution of these arteries. this angle has been determined to be of 66.7 degrees for the left renal artery and only 51.5 degrees for the right renal artery, in their normal anatomical aspects.

Growing evidence has demonstrated cultural differences in cognitive processes. Whereas individuals living in interdependent social worlds, as illustrated by East Asian cultures, have been shown to have a more holistic cognitive style, those living in independent social environments, as exemplified by Western cultures, have been shown to have a more analytic cognitive style. Recent evidence has ...