BACKGROUND Flaws in clinical reasoning are present in most diagnostic errors and occur even when physicians have enough knowledge to solve the problem. Deliberate reflection has been shown to improve diagnoses. The sources of faulty reasoning and how reflection counteracts them remain largely unknown. OBJECTIVE To explore the causes of faulty reasoning and the mechanisms through which reflect...

People are renowned for their failure to consider alternative hypotheses. We compare neglect of alternative causes when people make predictive versus diagnostic probability judgments. One study with medical professionals reasoning about psychopathology and two with undergraduates reasoning about goals and actions or about causal transmission yielded the same results: neglect of alternative caus...

This paper examines an approach for integrating 3D structural reasoning, using computer models of the human anatomy, with diagnostic reasoning based on Bayesian networks in order to probabilistically predict injuries to anatomic structures from gunshot wounds. An interactive 3D graphical system has been created which allows the user to visualize different bullet path hypotheses and computes the...

Problem identification: Post-anaesthesia nursing plays an important role in the early detection and treatment of clinical deterioration after surgery and/or anaesthesia. Concomitantly, effectiveness post-operative care is highly dependent on accurate analysis, synthesis patient data quality diagnostic decisions through reasoning. Given dynamic processes required to come a diagnosis, uncertainty...

In this contribution we present the dialogue generator module of a Dialogue-based Interactive Diagnostic and Learning System (DIDLS) for Historical Text Comprehension (HTC). The dialogue generator, activated by the diagnostic results of the system, generates the appropriate for the learner individualized interactive diagnostic and learning dialogue. Throughout the dialogue the learner reflects ...