OBJECTIVES Differences in peritoneal fluid handling in the acute setting can be expected if children are converted to pH-neutral dialysis solutions because conventional acidic solutions exert toxic effects on peritoneal mesothelial cells and microcirculation. Peritoneal fluid kinetics was therefore investigated with both types of solutions in a group of children. DESIGN Peritoneal equilibrati...

Dialysis rates of cholesterol, calcium chloride dihydrate and of their mixture in 90% aqueous dioxane through Visking cellulose membrane were characterized by half-escape times (t1/2) of 2.2, 1.0 and 10.5 hours, respectively. Slow dialysis rate observed with the mixture was due to complex formation between four molecules of cholesterol and two molecules of calcium chloride dihydrate, molecular ...

This paper discusses the issues related to use of Information Technology (IT) solutions in dialysis, and describes the implementation of some of them in a medium size dialysis center. First, starting from the analysis of the organization of public-health nephrology services, the potential role of IT is highlighted. Second, the main directions for IT exploitation in dialysis, namely telemedicine...

Cost-effectiveness can be quantified as the amount that the value of the application exceeds the cost of implementing it. Value can be computed by considering savings in labor costs, increased staff effectiveness, and benefits of improved quality-ofcare delivery. If computer applications are purchased as a service, cost determination and cost-effectiveness analysis are straightforward. If, howe...

Amyloidosis refers to the extracellular tissue deposition of fibrils composed of low-molecular-weight subunits of a variety of proteins. These deposits may result in a wide range of clinical manifestations depending upon their type, location, and the amount of deposition. Dialysis-related amyloidosis is a serious complication of long-term dialysis therapy and is characterized by the deposition ...

BACKGROUND Peritoneal dialysis with glucose- and lactate-containing dialysis solutions stimulates peritoneal angiogenesis and fibrosis. These serious side effects can also be induced by chronic peritoneal exposure to dialysis solutions in nonuremic rats. The high glucose concentrations of the dialysis solutions may saturate physiological glucose metabolism pathways and stimulate the polyol path...

The term 'ultrapure water' is a common way to define water used for on-line treatments: it refers to the absence of chemical, organic and microbiological contamination. To be more accurate in definition, every known and potential contaminant has to be fixed at its limit value. AAMI recommendations and various Pharmacopoeias have set limits for dialysate based on traditional dialysis treatments,...

During the standard heat sterilization process of the lactate–buffered peritoneal dialysis solutions, glucose (an osmotic active substance) degrades to form compounds called glucose degradation products which are cytotoxic and affect the survival of the peritoneal membrane. This case presentation is based on an observation of 224 aseptic peritonitis cases of unknown etiology. For the purpose of...

The efficacy of three hypertonic saline solutions for treating dialysis-induced hypotension in a randomized, blinded, crossover clinical trial of 10 patients (a minimum of three cycles per solution) was compared. Dialysis-induced hypotension, defined as a decrease in systolic blood pressure of at least 10 mm Hg or systolic blood pressure less than 100 mm Hg, was treated with an iv bolus of eith...

Peritoneal dialysis (PD) is a well established method of depuration in uremic patients. Standard dialysis solutions currently in use are not biocompatible with the peritoneal membrane. Studying effects of dialysate on peritoneal membrane in humans is still a challenge. There is no consensus on the ideal experimental model so far. We, therefore, wanted to develop a new experimental non-uremic ra...