In present study the effect of dietary inclusion of equal amounts of four traditional medicines; Matricaria chamomilla L, Zataria multiflora L, Mentha piperita L and Terminalia chebulo L on growth performance and digestive enzymes activity in Litopenaeus vannamei was investigated. Two diets, including a control basal diet and an experimental diet with 30 g kg-1 herbal mixture supplementation we...

leptinotarsa decemlineata (say) and lasioderma serricorne f. are destructive pre-harvest and post-harvest pests of many plants in the family solanaceae, and stored foodstuffs and non-food items, respectively. in this study, some biochemical characteristics of cellulase in the larval digestive tract of these pests were studied. endo-β-1, 4-glucanase activity was measured against the substrate ca...

The intertidal mussel Mytilus californianus is a critical foundation species that is exposed to fluctuations in the environment along tidal- and wave-exposure gradients. We investigated feeding and digestion in mussels under laboratory conditions and across environmental gradients in the field. We assessed whether mussels adopt a rate-maximization (higher ingestion and lower assimilation) or a ...

In various prospective studies, the frequency of post-ERCP pancreatitis ranges from 1 to 14%. After exposure to trigger events, injury to the gland occurs extremely rapidly. In experimental models of acute pancreatitis, it has been suggested that digestive enzyme activation might occur within acinar cells and it has been shown that in the early stages of acute pancreatitis induced by secretagog...

Rats infused with a supramaximally stimulating dose of the cholecystokinin (CCK) analog caerulein develop acute edematous pancreatitis. Using CCK-JMV-180, a recently developed CCK analog that acts as an agonist at high-affinity CCK receptors but antagonizes the effect of CCK at low-affinity receptors, we have determined that caerulein induces pancreatitis by interacting with low-affinity CCK re...

The oral ingestion of naturally occurring purified trypsin inhibitors from soybean, ovomucoid, and bovine pancreas has been demonstrated to be a potent stimulus to pancreatic digestive enzyme synthesis. This effect may be so marked as to lead to impairment of growth in the rat and chicken through the faecal loss of essential amino acids. This is thought to be due to the markedly potentiated sec...

Among the many biological responses studied in ecotoxicology, energy-based biomarkers such as digestive enzyme activities and energy reserves appear to be useful predictive tools for detecting physiological disturbances in organisms. However, the use of these biological responses as biomarkers could be limited by the effects of confounding factors (biotic and abiotic) and physiological processe...

This article reviews various forms of enzyme supplementation used clinically in digestive and absorption disorders. Enzyme supplementation plays an integral role in the management of various digestive disorders, particularly with regard to exocrine pancreatic insufficiency. However, application of enzymes may also be beneficial for other conditions associated with poor digestion including lacto...

Digestive systems of deposit and suspension feeders can be exposed to high concentrations of copper (Cu) by ingestion of contaminated sediments. We assessed a potential impact of this Cu exposure on digestive enzyme activities in a wide range of benthic organisms by monitoring enzyme activities in their gut fluids during in vitro titrations with dissolved Cu, which mimics Cu solubilization from...