background: the sentinel lymph node (sln) is defined as the first chain node in the lymphatic basin that receives primary lymphatic flow. if the sln is negative for metastatic disease, then other nodes are expected to be disease-free. sln techniques have been extensively applied in the staging and treatment of many tumors, including melanoma, breast and vulvar cancers. this study aims to evalua...

In this paper, a class of Bayesian hierarchical disease mapping models with spline smoothing are motivated and developed for sequential disease mapping and for surveillance of disease risk trends and clustering. The methodological development aims to provide reliable information about the patterns (both over space and time) of disease risk and to quantify uncertainty. Bayesian disease mapping m...

in this work‎, ‎we formulate chatterjea contractions using graphs in metric spaces endowed with a graph ‎‎and‏ ‎‎‎‎investigate ‎the ‎existence‎ ‎of ‎fixed ‎points ‎for such mappings ‎under two different hypotheses‎. we also discuss the uniqueness of the fixed point. the given result is a generalization of chatterjea's fixed point theorem from metric spaces to metric spaces endowed with a graph.

in this work‎, ‎we formulate chatterjea contractions using graphs in metric spaces endowed with a graph ‎‎and‏ ‎‎‎‎investigate ‎the ‎existence‎ ‎of ‎fixed ‎points ‎for such mappings ‎under two different hypotheses‎. we also discuss the uniqueness of the fixed point. the given result is a generalization of chatterjea's fixed point theorem from metric spaces to metric spaces endowed with a g...

BACKGROUND/AIMS To improve the efficiency of disease locus localization in association mapping using case-parent designs and to assess or account for the main covariate effects and gene-covariate interaction effects, while localizing the disease locus. METHODS The present study extends a multipoint fine-mapping approach to incorporate covariates into the association mapping of case-parent des...

Genetic linkage studies based on pedigree data have limited resolution, because of the relatively small number of segregations. Disequilibrium mapping, which uses population associations to infer the location of a disease mutation, provides one possible strategy for narrowing the candidate region. The coalescent process provides a model for the ancestry of a sample of disease alleles, and recom...

expensive to provide these maps  with field measurements  therefore  it is better to use new methods. this study provides a lithological and alteration mapping units with dominant minerals based on hyperspectral images of eo1-hyperion satellite. to do so, two different zones  were  investigated:  the  cuprite-nevada  and  mozahem  volcano  in  iran  which  have suitable conditions for our study...

Turkmen horse is one of the oldest and purest breeds in the world, but there is no information on Doppler echocardiographic parameters in this horse. In the present study, pulsed-wave (PW) Doppler echocardiography was performed on 42 clinically normal 3- to 15-year-old racing Turkmen horses. No cardiac disease was detected with two-dimensional (2-D) real-time, M-mode, and colour flow mapping. D...

Estimates of relatedness have several applications such as the identification of relatives or in identifying disease related genes through identity by descent (IBD) mapping. Here we present a new method for identifying IBD tracts among individuals from genome-wide single nucleotide polymorphisms data. We use a continuous time Markov model where the hidden states are the number of alleles shared...