conclusions immediate diagnosis based on careful history and physical examination are essential for management of botulism. people should be notified about proper food handling and preparation of traditional homemade foods. patients and methods during an outbreak, 10 members of a family referred to the hospital because of food poisoning. all patients had a history of consumption of doogh, a tra...

Despite advances in water management and sanitation, waterborne disease outbreaks continue to occur in the United States. CDC collects data on waterborne disease outbreaks submitted from all states and territories through the Waterborne Disease and Outbreak Surveillance System. During 2009-2010, the most recent years for which finalized data are available, 33 drinking water-associated outbreaks...

BACKGROUND Recent public attention on drinking water supplies in the aftermath of waterborne infection outbreaks in Walkerton and North Battleford raises questions about safety. We analyzed information on waterborne outbreaks occurring between 1974 and 2001 in order to identify apparent trends, review the current status of monitoring and reporting, and gain a better understanding of the impact ...

In spite of the obvious global public goods nature of warnings about infectious disease outbreaks, international legal requirements for reporting outbreaks remain weak and disclosure of outbreaks depends on the self-interest of nations. Using a simple game-theoretic model, we explore the incentives of countries to invest in disease surveillance and to report outbreaks to international health au...

Health agencies are increasingly conducting systematic reviews of foodborne disease outbreak investigations to develop strategies to prevent future outbreaks. We surveyed state and territory health departments to summarise the epidemiology of foodborne disease outbreaks in Australia from 1995 to 2000. From 1995 through 2000, 293 outbreaks were identified, with 214 being of foodborne origin. One...

To characterize the change in frequency of infectious disease outbreaks over time worldwide, we encoded and analysed a novel 33-year dataset (1980-2013) of 12,102 outbreaks of 215 human infectious diseases, comprising more than 44 million cases occuring in 219 nations. We merged these records with ecological characteristics of the causal pathogens to examine global temporal trends in the total ...

The incidence of Legionnaires' disease in the United States has been increasing since 2000. Outbreaks and clusters are associated with decorative, recreational, domestic, and industrial water systems, with the largest outbreaks being caused by cooling towers. Since 2006, 6 community-associated Legionnaires' disease outbreaks have occurred in New York City, resulting in 213 cases and 18 deaths. ...

With this 2016 Summary of Notifiable Noninfectious Conditions and Disease Outbreaks - United States, CDC is publishing official statistics for the occurrence of nationally notifiable noninfectious conditions and disease outbreaks for the second time in the same volume of MMWR as the annual Summary of Notifiable Infectious Diseases and Conditions (1). As was the case for the 2015 Summary of Noti...

Enteric infections Outbreaks of foodborne disease Sixteen outbreaks of gastrointestinal disease thought to be due to consumption of contaminated food were reported in July and August 2011. One outbreak was identified through surveillance of laboratory notifications, 14 outbreaks were identified through complaints to the NSW Food Authority and one outbreak through the local public health unit. N...