Recent reports have indicated that oscillations shared across distant cortical regions can enhance their connectivity, but do coherent oscillations ever diminish connectivity? We investigated oscillatory activity in two distinct reach-related regions in the awake behaving monkey (Macaca mulatta): the parietal reach region (PRR) and the dorsal premotor cortex (PMd). PRR and PMd were found to osc...

Phase measuring deflectometry (PMD) is a superior technique to obtain three-dimensional (3D) shape information of specular surfaces because its advantages large dynamic range, noncontact operation, full-field measurement, fast acquisition, high precision, and automatic data processing. We review the recent advances on PMD. The basic principle PMD introduced following several methods based fring...

Purpose To evaluate and compare corneal hysteresis (CH) and corneal resistance factor (CRF) in pellucid marginal degeneration (PMD), keratoconus (KCN), and normal eyes using the Ocular Response Analyzer (ORA). Methods In this retrospective study, corneal biomechanical parameters were measured in patients with PMD (n = 102) and KCN (n = 202) and normal subjects (n = 208) using the ORA. Data, i...

Improving the tolerance to polarization mode dispersion (PMD) is considered to be one of the major prerequisites for the success of modern high bit rate optical communication systems. Various approaches such as optical compensation, electrical mitigation, multi-level modulation formats promise to increase the PMD tolerance of optical systems, whereas the question of how to experimentally charac...

Alternative splicing of the proteolipid protein 1 gene (PLP1) produces two forms, PLP1 and DM20, due to alternative use of 5' splice sites with the same acceptor site in intron 3. The PLP1 form predominates in central nervous system RNA. Mutations that reduce the ratio of PLP1 to DM20, whether mutant or normal protein is formed, result in the X-linked leukodystrophy Pelizaeus-Merzbacher disease...

UNLABELLED As skill on a sequence of movements is acquired through practice, each movement in the sequence becomes seamlessly associated with another. To study the neural basis of acquired skills, we trained two monkeys (Cebus apella) to perform two sequential reaching tasks. In one task, sequential movements were instructed by visual cues, whereas in the other task, movements were generated fr...

Percentage mammographic breast density (PMD) is one of the most important risk factors for breast cancer (BC). Calcium, vitamin D, bisphosphonates, and denosumab have been considered and partly confirmed as factors potentially influencing the risk of BC. This retrospective observational study investigated the association between serum calcium level and PMD. A total of 982 BC patients identified...

Randomly varying birefringence leads to nonlinear polarization-mode dispersion (PMD) in addition to the wellknown linear PMD. Here we calculate the variance of the field fluctuations produced by this nonlinear PMD. Knowing the size of these fluctuations is useful for assessing when nonlinear PMD is important and for its proper incorporation in fast numerical algorithms. We also derive the equil...

Introduction: Polarisation division multiplexing (Pol-Mux) is an important method to improve spectral efficiency in lightwave communications. For Pol-Mux used in ultra-high-capacity fibre systems, polarisation mode dispersion (PMD) [1] not only distorts and broadens the signal, but also couples polarisation-multiplexed channels. In the case of large PMD, this coupling becomes strongly frequency...

The ideal dressing material is bio-inert and keeps the wound site moist. It is equally important that no regenerative tissue is peeled off on the removal of the dressing. 2-Methacryloyloxyethyl phosphorylcholine (MPC) has a phospholipid polar group that mimics a biomembrane. We prepared poly [MPC-co-n-dodecyl methacrylate (DMA)] (PMD), using conventional radical polymerization with 2,2'-azobisi...