In this work we present a simple, but effective method of enhancing and exploiting diversity from multiple packet transmissions in systems that employ nonbinary linear modulations such as PSK and QAM. This diversity improvement results from redesigning the symbol mapping for each packet transmission. Using a general framework for evaluating the upper bound of bit error rate (BER) with multiple ...

In this paper we present a simple, but effective method of creating and exploiting diversity from packet retransmissions in systems that employ nonbinary modulations such as PSK and QAM. This diversity results from differing the symbol mapping for each packet retransmission. By developing a general framework for evaluating the bit error rate (BER) upper hound with multiple transmissions, a crit...

Many physiological traits consist of two hierarchically related levels: physical structures and the emergent functional properties of those structures. Because selection tends to act on the emergent functional traits, the evolution of structural phenotypes will depend on the nature of the form-function relationship. Complex physiological or biomechanical traits are often characterized by many-t...

Excitation mapping is a method of visualizing the signaling history of neurons with permeant organic cations. It is compatible with high-resolution imaging, allowing concurrent visualization of all neuronal classes and their glutamate-gated excitation histories. Excitation mapping documents the stability and precision of neuronal signaling within a given neuronal class, arguing that single unit...

This paper considers the problem of space-frequency code design for frequency-selective multiple-input-multiple-output (MIMO) orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) modulation. We show that space-time codes achieving full diversity in quasistatic flat fading environment can be used to construct space-frequency codes that can achieve the maximum diversity available in frequency-select...

The literature on gender diversity in boards of directors has expanded significantly recent years, due to the fact that women are increasingly holding higher management positions within company hierarchy, clearly demonstrating certain characteristics have a positive impact different areas company. objective this paper is analyze scientific articles presence directors, based review, order learn ...

Whole-genome profiling techniques have been in use for two decades to develop genetic maps and to understand genetic diversity in a wide range of agriculturally important plant and animal species, including Brassica crop species. The genetic mapping approach has been useful in developing and validating markers linked to major gene traits which have then been used as diagnostic markers in marker...