by appearance of human societies, the spiritual needs of different individuals and societies to worship the creator and to donate in order to attain the health and to fulfill the wishes had caused them to erect the specific places for offering the sacrificial materials. this article is generally a brief study on the places to donate and offer the sacrificial materials to sacred places regarding...

Charities publicize the donations they receive, generally according to dollar categories rather than the exact amount. Donors in turn tend to give the minimum amount necessary to get into a category. These facts suggest that donors have a taste for having their donations made public. This paper models the effects of such a taste for ‘‘prestige’’ on the behavior of donors and charities. I show h...

after the start of the iraqi imposed war against iran, due to the inexperience of the iranian military forces in the field of supporting and engineering, the reconstruction jihad [jihad-e sazandegi]which had been created after the victory of islamic revolution through a decree of imam khomeini to develop the rural areas and eliminate the deprivation therein and also had done some valuable works...

The Price of Warm Glow This paper presents a model and experimental evidence to explain the “volunteering puzzle" where agents prefer volunteering time to donating money when monetary donations are, ceteris paribus, more efficient for providing resources to charity. In the model agents receive heterogeneous utility from pure and impure altruism (Andreoni 1989) that permits warm glow to vary bet...

Approximately 1 in 20 unrelated donors are asked to make a second donation of hematopoietic progenitor cells, the majority for the same patient. Anthony Nolan undertook a study of subsequent hematopoietic progenitor cell donations made by its donors from 2005 to 2011, with the aims of predicting those donors more likely to be called for a second donation, assessing rates of serious adverse reac...

An "in-house" RT-PCR method was developed that allows the simultaneous detection of the RNA of the Hepatitis C Virus (HCV) and an artificial RNA employed as an external control. Samples were analyzed in pools of 6-12 donations, each donation included in two pools, one horizontal and one vertical, permitting the immediate identification of a reactive donation, obviating the need for pool dismemb...

In living donor kidney transplantation there are disproportionately more female-to-male donations and fewer male-to-female donations. Given the rapid increase in living donor transplantation, we studied gender demographics and outcomes of these transplants. We analyzed living donor kidney transplants in the Scientific Registry of Transplant Recipients (SRTR) database between 1990 and 1999. Ther...