In this paper, a method for reducing unspring mass as well as improving safety and ride properties of vehicles driven by in-wheel motors will be provided. To begin with, the advantages of vehicles armed with in-wheel motors will be described, after which some drawbacks of this idea will be studied. Then, to getting a better analysis, quarter car model will be studied in frequency domain. Gain o...

In this work, by replacing the traditional solid spokes with colloidal spokes, a vehicle wheel with a built-in suspension structure is proposed. Following the background and description of the wheel system, firstly, a vibration model of the wheel equipped with colloidal spokes is proposed, and based on such model the equivalent damping coefficients and spring constants are identified. Then, a m...

In previous papers authors have considered agents as inertia-less self driven particles and designed a flocking algorithm. Application of this algorithm to agents with considerable inertial characteristics needs a behavioural controller. The controller uses the local information and helps every agent to imitate the desired behaviour as a member of the flocking frame which covers the main is...

Roller-Walker is a leg-wheel hybrid mobile robot using a passive wheel equipped on the tip of each leg. The passive wheel can be transformed into sole mode by rotating the ankle roll joint when Roller-Walker walks on a rough terrain. This paper discusses energy efficiency of locomotion in wheeled mode. We define a leg trajectory to produce forward straight propulsion and discuss the relationshi...

An automated system is developed to control the rotation of the wheel chair based on touch screen and head movement by the physically challenged person. Independent movement can be done by them with the help of an accelerometer device which is fitted on person’s head and a touch screen is placed with the wheelchair which can be operated by the person [1]. Based on the touch and head movements, ...

Data logics are logical formalisms that are used to specify properties on structures equipped with data (data words, data trees, runs from counter systems, timed words, etc.). In this survey talk, we shall see how satisfiability problems for such data logics are related to reachability problems for counter systems (including counter automata with errors, vector addition systems with states, etc...

The objective of this study was to determine if simple, shoulder movements use the dual control hypothesis strategy, previously demonstrated with elbow movements, and to see if this strategy also applies in the absence of visual feedback. Twenty subjects were seated with their right arm abducted to 90 degrees and externally rotated in the scapular plane. Subjects internally rotated to a target ...

we find an explicit expression of the tutte polynomial of an $n$-fan. we also find a formula of the tutte polynomial of an $n$-wheel in terms of the tutte polynomial of $n$-fans. finally, we give an alternative expression of the tutte polynomial of an $n$-wheel and then prove the explicit formula for the tutte polynomial of an $n$-wheel.