A cohor t is a fixed population. Its membership is permanent (even after death)8, 14). Examples are as follows: people born in Kagoshima, and the alumni of Hirosaki University. A cohort study follows a fixed population. Unfixed populations are called dynamic populations (open populations). The membership of a dynamic cohort is not permanent. Examples are as follows: Hirosaki University students...

this paper presents a fuzzy goal programming (fgp) methodology for solving bi-level quadratic programming (blqp) problems. in the fgp model formulation, firstly the objectives are transformed into fuzzy goals (membership functions) by means of assigning an aspiration level to each of them, and suitable membership function is defined for each objectives, and also the membership functions for vec...

Measurement results contain different kinds of uncertainty. Besides systematic errors andrandom errors individual measurement results are also subject to another type of uncertainty,so-called emph{fuzziness}. It turns out that special fuzzy subsets of the set of real numbers $RR$are useful to model fuzziness of measurement results. These fuzzy subsets $x^*$ are called emph{fuzzy numbers}. The m...

This paper presents a fuzzy stochastic dynamic programming (FSDP) approach to derive steady-state multipurpose reservoir operating policies. The vagueness associated with some operating objectives as well as with the decision-making process is apprehended through fuzzy set theory. Operating objectives are considered as fuzzy sets and their membership functions represent decision maker’s prefere...

The fuzzy virtual object is proposed based on fuzzy modelization of the moving objects in dynamic environments. The fuzzy virtual object is defined as a fuzzy set whose membership function contains the objects’ motion information. It provides a basis of motion control for mobile robots in dynamic environments. A new method of real-time fuzzy robot control is proposed based on the fuzzy environm...

In a dynamic social or biological environment, the interactions between the underlying actors can undergo large and systematic changes. The latent roles or membership of the actors as determined by these dynamic links will also exhibit rich temporal phenomena, assuming a distinct role at one point while leaning more towards a second role at an another point. To capture this dynamic mixed member...

Uncertain set theory is a generalization of uncertainty theory that has become a new branch of mathematics for modeling human belief degrees. Uncertain set is a fundamental concept to describe unsharp concepts in uncertain set theory. The moments are important characteristics of an uncertain set. This paper studies the moments and central moments of uncertain set and gives some formulas to calc...

We consider pattern matching problems where patterns are presented as sequences of fuzzy constraints on input elements. Given an infinite alphabet A, a pattern P [α,β] is a sequence ­ μi1 , μi2 , ..., μim ® of membership functions μij defined on A. The pattern P fuzzy matches an input sequence t ∈ A∗ if t = ux1x2 · · ·xmv such that

Scene classification has received much attention in the recent past. How images can be efficiently classified becomes an important research topic. Most of the stateof-the-art solutions assumed that scene classes are mutually exclusive. But, different human beings have different perceptions, and different people tend to respond inconsistently even to the same scene images. Hence, a scene image m...