Inflammatory mechanisms are proposed to play a role in L-DOPA-induced dyskinesia. Cyclooxygenase-2 (COX2) contributes to inflammation pathways in the periphery and is constitutively expressed in the central nervous system. Considering that inhibition of nitric oxide (NO) formation attenuates L-DOPA-induced dyskinesia, this study aimed at investigating if a NO synthase (NOS) inhibitor would chan...

Tardive dyskinesia can be suppressed by dopaminergic receptor blockers, but often at the cost of a reciprocal increase in Parkinsonism. Oxiperomide, a dopaminergic antagonist that has been shown to reduce levodopa-induced dyskinesias without producing an equal aggravation of Parkinsonism, was evaluated in a blind placebo-controlled trial in 10 patients with tardive dyskinesia. It decreased tard...

Nasal nitric oxide levels are low in patients with primary ciliary dyskinesia, but it is not known whether this defect is already present in the first months of life. The current authors measured nasal nitric oxide in two infants with situs inversus and primary ciliary dyskinesia, diagnosed by electron microscopy at 4 and 6 months of age, and in five healthy control infants. Nasal nitric oxide ...

Electromyographic (EMG) activity of abnormal involuntary movements and their modifications after Piribedil, a dopaminergic agonist, were analysed in patients presenting with tremor or tardive dyskinesia induced by treatment with neuroleptics. Quantitative analysis of EMG bursts and of their phase relationships with bursts of antagonist muscles revealed differences between tremor and tardive dys...

BACKGROUND Whether the development of tardive dyskinesia leads to an increase in mortality is still unclear. AIMS To explore the relationship between tardive dyskinesia and mortality over a 10-year period, using the National Death Index. METHOD Death certificates were obtained from the National Death Index on 1621 people repeatedly assessed for tardive dyskinesia by trained raters. Variable...

Risperidone is a serotonin - dopamine antagonist which has got less propensity to cause tardive dyskinesia than conventional antipsychotics. There have been few reports of tardive dyskinesia induced by risperidone. This is a report of a case of risperidone induced tardive dyskinesia. A 56 year old female with a 6 months history of paranoid schizophrenia, developed bucco-oro-masticatory abnormal...

BACKGROUND Safinamide is a novel α-aminoamide with dopaminergic and non-dopaminergic properties developed as adjunctive therapy for patients with PD. Results from a 24-month double-blind controlled study suggested that as add-on to levodopa (and other PD medications) the benefits of safinamide on dyskinesia may be related to severity of dyskinesia at baseline. OBJECTIVE This post-hoc analysis...

OBJECTIVE The efficacy of the branched-chain amino acids in the treatment of tardive dyskinesia in men with psychiatric disorders was tested. METHOD Public-sector psychiatric patients with long histories of antipsychotic treatment and presumably long-standing tardive dyskinesia were randomly assigned to receive branched-chain amino acids or placebo. Treatment frequency was three times a day, ...

Present report describes a 46 year old male patient with a diagnosis of major depression who developed tardive dyskinesia during bupropion therapy. Our patient had no history of neuroleptic use and his laboratory and neurologic examinations were normal. He had no family history of neurologic diseases. Although bupropion induced dyskinesia has been previously reported in the literature, it is ra...

Tardive dyskinesia, like several other choreiform disorders, is felt to be primarily related to dopaminergic activity within the striatum. Physostigmine has been demonstrated to improve the abnormal movements in patients with tardive dyskinesia while scopolamine tends to aggravate abnormal movements and in some cases elicits abnormal movement not previously observed. This evidence supports the ...