INTRODUCTION Intubation is a known risk factor for dysphonia yet is essential in the perinatal care of many very preterm infants. Children born preterm, who are frequently resuscitated with endotracheal intubation, may be at risk of dysphonia at school age and beyond. OBJECTIVES To identify and describe the evidence pertaining to long-term voice outcomes and risk factors for developing dyspho...

OBJECTIVE To measure the risk of dysphonia in teachers, as well as investigate whether the perceptual-auditory and acoustic aspects of the voice of teachers in situations of silence and noise, the signal-to-noise ratio, and the noise levels in the classroom are associated with the presence of dysphonia. METHODS This is an observational cross-sectional research with 23 primary and secondary sc...

Botulinum neurotoxin (BoNT) has existed for thousands of years; however, it was not medically utilized until investigations into its therapeutic use began in sincerity during the late 1970s and 1980s. This, coupled with the reclassification of spasmodic dysphonia as a focal dystonia, led to the use of chemodenervation for this disorder, which has since become a refined technique. Indeed, due to...

BACKGROUND In recent decades several groups of researchers have been interested in describing and understanding vocal morbidity in teachers in order to explain the large number of teachers diagnosed with dysphonia and account for the absenteeism attributed to vocal disability. AIMS To determine the proportion of teachers who reported a diagnosis of dysphonia and measure associations between i...

Nine of 14 asthmatic patients who presented with persistent dysphonia while taking inhaled corticosteroids had a bilateral adductor vocal cord deformity with bowing of the cords on phonation. This causes the dysphonia and usually occurs without candidiasis. It was seen with beclomethasone dipropionate (in both pressurised aerosol and dry powder preparations), betamethasone valerate, and budeson...

OBJECTIVE To evaluate a symptom-focused vocal impairment instrument for the evaluation of patients with voice disorders. DESIGN Prospective, nonrandomized study of patients with voice disorders undergoing treatment with validation of a new symptom index, the Glottal Function Index (GFI). SETTING Voice disorders clinic at an academic tertiary care hospital. PATIENTS Consecutive patients un...

introduction: foreign bodies in the upper airway are one of the most challenging otolaryngology emergencies and have various presentations depending on their physical properties and location. leeches are blood-sucking hermaphroditic worms that vary in color, length, and shape. they usually reside in fresh-water streams and lakes. when rural untreated water is drunk, leeches may localize in the ...

Introduction: Laryngeal dysfunction may be divided into three categories; organic, neurologic and functional disorders. Dysphonia and hoarseness are the most common symptoms and, in some cases, the only signs of laryngeal dysfunction. In differential diagnosis of any type of chronic hoarseness, a neoplastic process must be considered and, thus continuous light video laryngoscopy can provide imp...

The association of upper extremity essential tremor and several types of other dystonias, including spasmodic dysphonia, have been reported in the past [1,2]. We previously reported a brief case description of a patient with essential tremor (ET) of the hands and adductor spasmodic dysphonia (SD) with vocal tremor who responded to bilateral thalamic DBS with six month follow up [3]. Our patient...