Background and objective: Neonatal sepsis is defined as presence of clinical signs accompanied by positive blood culture in newborns less than one month of age. Sepsis is a common cause of hospital admission in neonates, and it is known as one of the main causes of mortality among them, not only in developed countries but in developing ones. Delay in diagnosis and appropriate antibiotic therapy...

Periodontitis is one of the severe complications in diabetic patients and gingival epithelium plays an initial role on the onset and progression of this disease. However the potential mechanism is yet sufficiently understood. Meanwhile, the research on the correlational experimental animal models was also insufficient. Here, we established periodontitis with type 2 diabetes in db/db and Tallyho...

2. Chronic Periodontitis is highly prevalent in the adult population and is found in approximately 47% of adults in the U.S. (Eke et al., 2012). Chronic periodontitis is the most common form of periodontitis throughout the world. It should be noted that there are some uncommon forms of periodontitis, grouped together under the name “Aggressive Periodontitis” that are characterized by severe des...

Objective: Leukocyte adhesion deficiency(LAD) is a scarce, autosomal recessive inherited disorder . LAD-I which is the most common type occurs due to mutations on the CD18 gene. This mutation leads to absence or severe reduction of leukocyte cell surface expression of ß2 integrin molecules which are necessary for the adhesion of the leukocytes to the endothelial cells, transendothelial mi...

Matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs), the key enzymes responsible for matrix degradation, are derived from polymorphonuclear leukocytes during the early stages of periodontitis. The aim of this study was planned to determine the levels of GCF (gingival crevicular fluid) matrix metalloproteinase-8 (MMP-8) and metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9) patients with periodontitis and in healthy controls. Levels of ...

Papillon-Lefevre syndrome (PLS) is a rare autosomal recessive heterogeneous trait which is characterized by erythematous palmoplantar hyperkeratosis, early-onset periodontitis, and associated calcification of dura mater. The etiology of PLS is multifactorial with genetic, immunological, and microbial factors playing a role in etiopathogenesis. Recently identified genetic defect in PLS has been ...

Pre-rheumatoid arthritis (pre-RA) is the preclinical period of the disease that precedes the onset of clinically apparent RA. It includes the interaction between genetic and environmental risk factors and development of disease-related autoantibodies and joint symptoms and signs, which may be considered nonspecific or unclassified for RA. A better understanding of the pre-RA stage will be usefu...

Periodontitis is one of the most common oral inflammatory diseases, and results in connective tissue degradation and gradual tooth loss. It manifests with formation of periodontal pockets, in which anaerobic and Gram‑negative bacteria proliferate rapidly. Consequently, alteration of the subgingival microbiota is considered the primary etiologic agent of periodontitis. Previous studies have repo...