Successful economic development depends on the rational use of natural resources and on reducing as far as possible the adverse environmental impacts of development projects. Environmental assessment (EA) is a primary tool for achieving this objective, by inserting critical environmental information into the process of project identification, preparation, and implementation. Economic analysis, ...

This research has concentrated on the physical and socio-economic impacts of vegetation-based management scenarios targeting on flooding and soil erosion issues in the Ramian watersheds. The Ramian watershed with an approximate area of 24000 ha is located in Golestan, Iran. For each sub-watershed, four biological actions (activities) and 16 management scenarios have been considered. Physical im...