This paper establishes the predictability of a one-dimensional virtual plankton ecosystem created by Lagrangian Ensemble integration of an individual-based model. It is based on numerical experiments for a scenario, in which the surface fluxes have stationary annual cycles, and the annual surface heat budget is in balance, i.e. solar heating equals cooling to the atmosphere. Under these conditi...

Ecosystems are complex entities composed of diverse organisms expressing a myriad of life histories, body sizes, and metabolic pathways embedded in a dynamic physical and chemical environment. A suite of internal processes create an intricate web of relationships that control the flow of energy and materials within and between ecosystems. Contributing to the complex nature of ecosystems is the ...

In most cases authors are permitted to post their version of the article (e.g. in Word or Tex form) to their personal website or institutional repository. Authors requiring further information regarding Elsevier's archiving and manuscript policies are encouraged to visit: Editorial Ecosystem–atmosphere carbon and water cycling in the upper Great Lakes Region 1. Background Ecosystem–atmosphere c...

A marine ecosystem model seeded with many phytoplankton types, whose physiological traits were randomly assigned from ranges defined by field and laboratory data, generated an emergent community structure and biogeography consistent with observed global phytoplankton distributions. The modeled organisms included types analogous to the marine cyanobacterium Prochlorococcus. Their emergent global...

Ecosystem functioning, climate change, and multiple interactions among biogeochemical cycles, climate system, site conditions and land use options are leading-edge topics in recent environmental modelling. Terrestrial ecosystem models are widely used to support carbon sequestration and ecosystem studies under various ecological circumstances. Our team uses the Biome-BGC model (Numerical Terrady...

Critical processes at the ecosystem level influence plant productivity, soil fertility, water quality, atmospheric chemistry, and many other local and global environmental conditions that ultimately affect human welfare. These ecosystem processes are controlled by both the diversity and identity of the plant, animal, and microbial species living within a community. Human modifications to the li...