Green Human Resources Management (GHRM) is an alignment of traditional human resource practices such as strategies, policies, procedures, and rules to the latest green sustainable environment responsive practices. Unlike corporates, adoption GHRM in educational institutes (EIs) still its infancy stage. Through extensive literature survey, this study identified eleven challenges adopting “strate...

The attribute hierarchy method (AHM) (Leighton, Gierl, & Hunka, 2004), which is based on the assumption that test items can be described by a set of hierarchically ordered attributes, is designed to estimate examinees’ level of competency as well as their profiles for mastering a set of attributes. The AHM, by incorporating the assumption of attribute dependency, brings an important cognitive p...

Hierarchical Latent Attribute Models (HLAMs) are a family of discrete latent variable models that attracting increasing attention in educational, psychological, and behavioral sciences. The key ingredients an HLAM include binary structural matrix directed acyclic graph specifying hierarchical constraints on the configurations attributes. These components encode practitioners' design information...