The Bacillus cereus group of bacteria includes seven closely related species, three of which, B. anthracis, B. cereus and B. thuringiensis, are pathogens of humans, animals and/or insects. Preliminary investigations into the transport capabilities of different bacterial lineages suggested that genes encoding putative efflux systems were unusually abundant in the B. cereus group compared to othe...

Quinolone antibiotics constitute a clinically successful and widely used class of broad-spectrum antibiotics; however, the emergence and spread of resistance increasingly limits the use of fluoroquinolones in the treatment and management of microbial disease. In this study, we evaluated the quantitative contributions of quinolone target alteration and efflux pump expression to fluoroquinolone r...

Background: Meropenem resistance of Pseudomonas aeruginosa (P. aeruginosa) is considered an increasing problem. Efflux pump one multiple mechanisms that are responsible for this resistance. This study aimed to phenotypically and genotypically detect prevalence efflux mediated meropenem among P. isolates. Methods: Pseudomonas was isolated from different clinical specimens identified by conventio...

OBJECTIVE We investigated the impact of several genetic variants located in genes encoding for proteins involved in biogenesis, maturation, and intravascular remodeling of high density lipoprotein (HDL) particles on plasma efflux capacity. APPROACH AND RESULTS The capacity of whole-plasma to mediate cholesterol efflux from cholesterol-loaded human THP-1 macrophages was measured in 846 individ...

BACKGROUND: Avian Colibacillosis can lead to important economic losses in the poultry industry. Escherichia coli the causative agent of this disease has acquired resistance to different antibiotics, including tetracycline. OBJECTIVES: This study was carried out to detect the distribution of tetracycline Group І efflux genes genes among E.coli isolates from from avian colibacillosis in Iran by P...

Boron (B) is an essential micronutrient for plants. Efflux-type B transporters, BORs, have been identified in Arabidopsis thaliana and rice. Here we identified BOR1 genes encoding B efflux transporters, from the hexaploid genome of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.). We cloned three genes closely related to OsBOR1 and named them TaBOR1.1, TaBOR1.2 and TaBOR1.3. All three TaBOR1s showed B efflux activ...

BACKGROUND Acinetobacter baumannii is one of the most important pathogens capable of colonization in burn patients, leading to drug-resistant wound infections. This study evaluated the distribution of the AdeABC efflux system genes and their relationship to ciprofloxacin resistance in A. baumannii isolates collected from burn patients. METHODS A total of 68 A. baumannii clinical strains were ...

Escherichia coli is one of the most frequent causes of urinary tract infections. Efflux system overexpression is reported to contribute to E. coli resistance to several antibiotics. Our aim in this study was to investigate the relation between antibiotic resistance and the expression of the efflux pump genes acrA and mdfA in E. coli by real-time reverse transcription-PCR. We tested the in vitro...

BACKGROUND This study aimed to evaluate the role of efflux pump regulator and OXA-23 genes in imipenem resistance Acinetobacter baumannii strains isolated from hospitalized patients in Tehran, Iran. METHODS This study was conducted on 60 A. baumannii isolates collected from patients admitted to the Shahid Motahari and Taleghani Hospitals in Tehran during 2013-14. Antibiotic susceptibility tes...

The activity of tigecycline, 9-(t-butylglycylamido)-minocycline, against Escherichia coli KAM3 (acrB) strains harboring plasmids encoding various tetracycline-specific efflux transporter genes, tet(B), tet(C), and tet(K), and multidrug transporter genes, acrAB, acrEF, and bcr, was examined. Tigecycline showed potent activity against all three Tet-expressing, tetracycline-resistant strains, with...