The north Indian Ocean is distinguished by the presence of seasonally reversing currents that flow between the Bay of Bengal and the Arabian Sea. These currents are located between the equator and approximately 10 N. The Summer Monsoon Current (SMC) flows eastward during the summer monsoon (May–September) and the Winter Monsoon Current (WMC) flows westward during the winter monsoon (November–Fe...

2.1 Structure of the atmospheric boundary layer Wind is moving air caused by pressure differences in the atmosphere, initiated by temperature differences. At large heights (~1000 m) the wind is not perpendicular to the isobars but parallel to it due to the Coriolis force (perpendicular to the wind direction, caused by the rotation of the earth). This wind is denoted the geostrophic wind. G : pr...

Abstract Including the ocean surface current in calculation of wind stress is known to damp mesoscale eddies through a negative power input and have potential ramifications for eddy longevity. Here, we study spindown baroclinic anticyclonic subject absolute (no current) relative (including forcing by employing an idealized high-resolution numerical model. Results from this demonstrate that diss...

Present-day surface wind stress climatology is manipulated to simulate wind conditions during the last glacial maximum. These estimated wind fields force a onelayer, wind-driven numerical model of the southern ocean to determine if a change in the strength of the surface wind stress can shift the location of the Antarctic Polar Front, which is part of the Antarctic Circumpolar Current. A change...

Zonal wind stress over the Southern Ocean may be responsible for a significant fraction of the meridional overturning associated with North Atlantic Deep Water. Numerical experiments by Tsujino and Suginohara imply that the zonal periodicity of the Southern Ocean is not necessary for midlatitude westerly winds to drive strong remote meridional overturning. Here, idealized numerical experiments ...

[1] Velocity measurements from 17 deployments of moored acoustic Doppler current profilers obtained during four summer upwelling seasons are used to describe the crossshelf divergence of Ekman transport in the inner shelf off Oregon. For each deployment the measured surface and bottom cross-shelf transports were compared with estimates of the theoretical Ekman transports to find the fraction of...

Wave solutions to the linearized, quasi-hydrostatic equations for adiabatic, nonviscous flow on an equatorially oriented beta plane are obtained. The basic current is assumed to be zonal and invariant in both space and time. Only solutions for which the meridional wind component is symmetric with respect to the equator are considered. Disturbances with wavelengths on the order of 103 km. are fo...

This study analyzes two wind-induced upwelling mechanisms, namely, Ekman transport and Ekman pumping that occur during the southwest monsoon. The results suggest that the coastline of the east coast of Peninsular Malaysia (ECPM) is affected by upwelling with spatiotemporal variations. Characterization of upwelling by using wind-induced upwelling indexes (UIW) indicate the existence of favorable...

[1] Weekly satellite sea surface height (SSH) anomaly data are used to clarify the mesoscale eddy characteristics in the lee of the island of Hawaii, the largest island in the Hawaiian Island chain. The lee eddy variability can be separated into two geographical regions. In the immediate lee southwest of Hawaii (Region E), eddy signals have a predominant 60 day period and a short life‐span, whe...