Wind-pollinated plants reproduce by capturing pollen suspended in the air. Pollen grains are electrostatically charged and electric fields are present around plants due to the ambient fair weather electric field. A charged airborne particle in an electric field experiences an electrostatic force equal to the product of its charge and the electric field at its location. Consequently, electrostat...

Theoretically, the electric charge of the tau neutrino may be non-zero. The experimental bound on the electric charge of the tau neutrino is many orders of magnitude weaker than that for any other known neutrino. If the tau neutrino does have a small electric charge, and its mass is greater than 1 MeV, then it can annihilate sufficiently in the early Universe by electromagnetic interactions to ...

The purpose of this work is to stress on a mathematical requirement of the Stokes’ theorem that, naturally, yields a reassessment of the electric charge quantization condition, which is, here, explicitly carried out in the context of the Aharonov-Bohm set-up. We argue that, by virtue of an ambiguity in the definition of the circulation of the vector potential, a modified quantization condition ...

First direct measurements of nonambipolar magnetic fluctuation-induced charge transport in the interior of a high-temperature plasma are reported. Global resistive tearing modes drive the charge transport which is measured in the vicinity of the resonant surface for the dominant core resonant mode. Finite charge transport has two important consequences. First, it generates a potential well alon...

Exciton dissociation in a donor-accepter polymer heterojunction has been simulated using a nonadiabatic molecular dynamics approach, which allows for the coupled evolution of the nuclear degrees of freedom and the electronic degrees of freedom described by multiconfigurational electronic wavefunctions. The simulations reveal important details of the charge separation process: the exciton in the...

By using the two 4-dimensional potential formulation of electromagnetic (EM) field theory introduced in [1], we found that the SO(2) duality symmetric EM field theory can be reduced to the magnetic source free case by a special choice of SO(2) parameter,this special case we called nature picture of the EM field theory, the reduction condition led to a result, i.e. the electric charge and magnet...

By using the two 4-dimensional potential formulation of electromagnetic (EM) field theory introduced in [1], we found that the SO(2) duality symmetric EM field theory can be reduced to the magnetic source free case by a special choice of SO(2) parameter,this special case we called nature picture of the EM field theory, the reduction condition led to a result, i.e. the electric charge and magnet...

[1] Vertical electric field waveforms due to dart leader/return stroke sequences measured on the ground 15 and 30 m from the negative lightning channel are used to examine the so-called residual electric field, the difference between the leader electric field change, and the following return stroke electric field change. At these distances, no residual field is expected if the return stroke neu...