variation of frequency and voltage by load changes in a microgrid is a challenge in droop control method. centralized restoration frequency or voltage in a microgrid requires communication link and therefore affects the advantage of decentralized droop control such as reliability, simplicity and inexpensiveness. this paper proposes a decentralized method that restores the frequency of a microgr...

in this paper, plug-in fuel cell electric vehicle (pfcev) is considered with dual power sources including fuel cell (fc) and battery energy storage. in order to respond to a transient power demand, usually supercapacitor energy storage device is combined with fuel cell to create a hybrid system with high energy density of fuel cell and the high power density of battery. in order to simulate the...

The paper present’s a survey of the wheel vehicles drives with electric and hybrid drive system. For electric and hybrid vehicle applications, wheels motor and magnetic circuits cutting motor drives, represented a new attractive solution for their lightness and compactness. The wheels are directly driven by the electric motor, and the gears are not necessary anymore. An alternating solution of ...

In recent years, renewable resources have widely been used to provide necessary energy due the increasing fossil fuel prices, environmental pollution concerns, and necessity meet growth in demands. The output of especially solar wind energies is associated with meteorological parameters, so their reliability creates many challenges for sector. consumption peak gas network taken into account adj...

Automatic generation control in electric power system design is a major concern nowadays due to its rising size, varying structure, integration of renewable-energy sources and distributed generators to meet the growing demand. In this paper, automatic generation control of an interconnected four area hydro thermal system examined. Each area equipped with reheat turbine for thermal system and hy...

This paper presents a novel control system for the participation of plug-in electric vehicles (PEVs) in provisioning ancillary services frequency regulation, way that is transparent to driver and harmonized with smart charging service requirements. Given power-frequency droop curve, which specifies how set PEVs collectively participate regulation (we call this curve “global” curve), we propose ...

The primary objective of power system operation is to deliver power to its customers meeting strict tolerances on voltage magnitude and frequency. Accordingly, the operation control problems naturally divide into control of voltage magnitudes or the voltage control issues, and the control of system frequency or the frequency control problems. Power system being an interconnected large system sp...

This study deals with the control of a hybrid vehicle powertrain, composed of three actuators (one engine, two electric machines). This powertrain belongs to the Electric-Infinitely Variable Transmission (E-IVT) class. In order to achieve low fuel consumption, drivability and electric power management, controllers have to achieve simultaneously three specifications, namely engine speed, wheel-t...