An urgent task is the development of new resource-saving technologies for deep processing wastes from hydrometallurgical industry purpose their reuse. Membrane make it possible to create closed technological cycles with reuse recovered components in production, which allows solving many environmental problems. At Abinsk Electric Steel Works Ltd. (Russia), during production copper-coated steel w...

Membrane reactors are currently under extensive research and development. Hardly any concept however is realized yet in practice. Frequently, forgotten as membrane reactors are electro-catalyic membrane reactors where electrodes perform chemical conversations and membranes separate the locations of conversion. In this chapter we extensively describe a technology where the membrane itself is cat...

A microbial desalination cell (MDC) is a new approach for desalinating water based on using the electrical current generated by exoelectrogenic bacteria. Previously developed MDCs have used only one or two desalination chambers with substantial internal resistance, and used low salinity catholytes containing a buffered or acid solution. Here we show that substantially improved MDC performance c...

Electrodialysis is an effective method of water desalination. However, the efficiency of the method is limited by the concentration polarization of the ion-exchange membranes. Applying an electric field with special pulse characteristics can diminish the effect of the concentration polarization. A theoretical analysis is carried out for galvanostatic and potentiostatic pulse regimes. The time d...

Recent investigations in the Bureau of Soils have shown that the colloidal material present in any soil contains 10 or more elements in widely varying proportions (19). Various attempts to fractionate the material into substances of more definite composition have not met with much success. However, dialysis of the material indicated that one colloid held about 1 per cent of its constituents les...

Microbial reverse electrodialysis cells (MRECs) combine power generation from salinity gradient energy using reverse electrodialysis (RED), with power generation from organic matter using a microbial fuel cell. Waste heat can be used to distill ammonium bicarbonate into high (HC) and low salt concentration (LC) solutions for use in the RED stack, but nitrogen crossover into the anode chamber mu...

The role of the incorporation of conducting polymer (CP), doped with different sulfonic acid organic molecules, in polystyrene (PS) and high-impact polystyrene (HIPS) with poly(styrene-ethylene-butylene) (SEBS) triblock copolymer has been investigated. Two factors associated with this model membrane system are addressed: (i) the influence of the presence of a low concentration of doped conducti...

Electrodialysis with monopolar ion exchange membranes was used to reduce the acid content of pineapple juice. It is an electrochemical membrane separation process in which electrically charged membranes and an electrical potential difference are used to separate ionic species in the pineapple juice from other uncharged components. Several physico-chemical (pH, titratable acidity and soluble sol...

Electrodialysis, reverse electrodialysis, and related electrochemical processes are increasingly important technologies for water purification renewable energy generation storage. The electrical efficiency of these is directly to the permselectivity ion exchange membranes (IEMs) – defined as extent which membrane permits passage counter-ions (ions opposite charge membrane, e.g., cations a catio...