Human capitals are part of a country’s wealth, and proper functioning of the society depends on the creativity of its elites and Human nature. Nowadays, managing the Elites and preventing their immigration has become one of the difficult issues faced by many organizations. In this research, a lot of effort has been put into finding out the typology of the behavior patterns of the elite using th...

following collapse of the soviet :union:, regional integration has been regarded as one of the requirements that need to be met by various regions wishing to be a part of globalization process. the eco region, particularly countries in central asia and the caucasus are not an exception. nevertheless, this region has been faced with some integration challenges. employing an analytical-descriptiv...

The discussion focuses on three themes. One is the divergence between positions of business associations and concerns of individual entrepreneurs regarding several determinants of investment. Another issue is under what conditions economic growth can be achieved under democracy; why market reforms have generated little private investment in many cases, and which government policies and politica...

B acteria are highly plastic: a single genotype can display a range of phenotypes in response to different environmental conditions. Strikingly, there can be phenotypic variation even in the absence of environmental variation due to the stochastic nature of gene expression (Raj & van Oudenaarden, 2008). As a result, cells in bacterial populations typically differ from each other in their molecu...

In this paper, we construct a simple model of simultaneous change and persistence in institutions. The model consists of landowning elites and workers, and the key economic decision concerns the form of economic institutions regulating the transaction of labor (e.g., competitive markets versus labor repression). The main idea is that equilibrium economic institutions are a result of the exercis...