Bioavailability is the most important factor for the efficacy of any drug and it is determined by P- glycoprotein (P-gp) expression. Confirmation of P-gp expression during ontogeny is needed for understanding the differences in therapeutic efficacy of any drug in juvenile and adult animals. In this study, Abcb1 mRNA levels in the liver and intestine of broilers during ontogeny were analysed by ...

The pharmacokinetic studies of enrofloxacin were investigated in yak (Bos grunniens L.) after administration of enrofloxacin by intramuscular route at 5 mgkg-1 body weight. Blood samples were collected from the jugular vein at predetermined time intervals after drug administration. Plasma was separated and analysed for enrofloxacin by reverse-phase high performance liquid chromatography. Variou...

The effect of enrofloxacin and alfa tocopherol on the capacity of bovine milk leukocytes to generate reactive oxygen species and phagocytic activity after stimulation with phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA) for superoxide were studied in bovine clinical mastitis. Group I, consisting of 9 healthy cows, served as the control, whereas groups II and III each contained 9 cows with clinical mastit...

BACKGROUND The present study was aimed to determine the residual amounts of chloramphenicol and enrofloxacin in broiler chickens muscle and liver sam-ples gathered from local markets of Tabriz City, northwestern Iran. METHODS Ninety broiler chickens carcasses were collected from different local markets of Tabriz, during July/August 2013. Random samples of thigh and breast muscle and liver wer...

background: the development of injectable sustained-release products are of great interest to veterinary pharmaceuticals and animal health business. recently, great attention has been paid to in situ gel-forming chitosan/beta-glycerophosphate (chitosan/β-gp) solutions due to their good biodegradability and thermosensitivity. objectives: the general aim of this study was to prepare a novel in si...

0

Solubility enhancement of antimicrobial drug enrofloxacin has been studied using a series of co-solvents and surfactants. Aqueous solubility of enrofloxacin could be increased up to 26 times. Co-solvents alone produced only small increase in solubility. However, the combined effect of co-solvents and buffer was synergistic and a large increase in solubility could be attained. Ionic surfactants ...

An efficient procedure for the simultaneous extraction and analysis of six fluoroquinolone (FQ) antibiotics is developed using an automated microdialysis-liquid chromatographic (LC) system. In this method, samples extracted from chicken liver and muscle are further purified by microdialysis, separated on an LC column, and the FQs detected by their fluorescence. Recoveries from fortified chicken...

Enrofloxacin is a fluoroquinolone for veterinary use; it has low aqueous solubility and relatively high permeability. Dissolution may be the limiting step in absorption for solid dosage forms having these characteristics. Considering this, in vitro dissolution tests are indicated to evaluate batch-to-batch quality and to support pharmaceutical equivalence studies. In this study, an alternative ...

In this study, susceptibilities of Pasteurella multocida, Mannheimia haemolytica and Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae to enrofloxacin and orbifloxacin were tested using an agar diffusion method with the commercial disks and a broth microdilution method. Good correlation between the 2 methods for enrofloxacin and orbifloxacin was observed for P. multocida (r = -0.743 and -0.818, respectively), M....