The enteric nervous system (ENS) is essential for digestive function and gut homeostasis. Here we show that the amorphous neuroglia networks of the mouse ENS are composed of overlapping clonal units founded by postmigratory neural crest-derived progenitors. The spatial configuration of ENS clones depends on proliferation-driven local interactions of ENS progenitors with lineally unrelated neuro...

Background The enteric nervous system (ENS) of the gastrointestinal tract has traditionally been viewed as a system of ganglia that operates largely independently of the brain and spinal cord. Because of this postulated autonomy, the ENS has even been characterised as the “little brain” or the “second brain.” Recent neural tracing studies, however, challenge this canon of ENS autonomy. The view...

It is recognised that the enteric nervous system (ENS) has a unique ability to mediate reflex activity independently of input from the brain or spinal cord. This ability implies that the ENS contains sensory receptors, primary aVerent neurones, interneurones, and motor neurones. The events that are controlled, at least in part, by the ENS are multiple and include motor activity, secretion, abso...

The involvement of SOX10 and ZFHX1B in Waardenburg-Hirschsprung disease (hypopigmentation, deafness, and absence of enteric ganglia) and Mowat-Wilson syndrome (mental retardation, facial dysmorphy and variable congenital malformations including Hirschsprung disease) respectively, highlighted the importance of both transcription factors during enteric nervous system (ENS) development. The expres...

BACKGROUND Ca(2+)/calmodulin-dependent protein kinases (CaMKs) are major downstream mediators of neuronal calcium signaling that regulate multiple neuronal functions. CaMKII, one of the key CaMKs, plays a significant role in mediating cellular responses to external signaling molecules. Although calcium signaling plays an essential role in the enteric nervous system (ENS), the role of CaMKII in ...

UNLABELLED Elucidation of the cellular identity of neuronal precursors provides mechanistic insights into the development and pathophysiology of the nervous system. In the enteric nervous system (ENS), neurogenesis persists from midgestation to the postnatal period. Cellular mechanism underlying the long-term neurogenesis in the ENS has remained unclear. Using genetic fate mapping in mice, we s...

BACKGROUND AND AIMS The enteric nervous system (ENS) plays a crucial role in the control of gastrointestinal motility, secretion and absorption functions. Immunohistochemistry has been widely used to visualize neurons of the ENS for more than two decades. Genetically engineered mice that report specific proteins can also be used to visualize neurons of the ENS. The goal of our study was to deve...

Gene therapies for neurological diseases with autonomic or gastrointestinal involvement may require global gene expression. Gastrointestinal complications are often associated with Parkinson's disease and autism. Lewy bodies, a pathological hallmark of Parkinson's brains, are routinely identified in the neurons of the enteric nervous system (ENS) following colon biopsies from patients. The ENS ...

Recombinant adeno-associated virus (AAV) vectors are one of the most widely used gene transfer systems in research and clinical trials. AAV can transduce a wide range of biological tissues, however to date, there has been no investigation on targeted AAV transduction of the enteric nervous system (ENS). Here, we examined the efficiency, tropism, spread, and immunogenicity of AAV transduction in...

Chronically institutionalized geriatric (n = 174; average length of hospitalization = 35.1 years) and nongeriatric (n = 59; average length of hospitalization = 17.3 years) schizophrenia patients were classified with regard to their enduring negative symptoms (ENS) over a year. All patients completed neuropsychological tests that have been previously found to be implicated in geriatric schizophr...