BACKGROUND: Ensiling forages often leads to degradation of protein to non-protein nitrogen (NPN), which is poorly utilized by ruminants. Postharvest protein degradation is especially high in alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.). In contrast, red clover (Trifolium pratense L.) has up to 90% less protein loss during ensiling due to polyphenol oxidase (PPO) forming o-quinones from endogenous o-diphenols a...

Wet brewer’s grains (WBG) are by-products of the brewing industry. These products are derived mainly from barley fermented to produce beer. They contain 230 to 290 g/kg CP of DM basis and are rich in digestible fiber (Pereira et al., 1998; Dhiman et al., 2003). Due to their fibrous nature and low energy content, WBG are suitable for ruminants, particularly in dairy cows, to balance intake of la...

Broussonetia papyrifera L. (paper mulberry) is an alternative woody plant, which can used to replace part of the protein feed for ruminants. Ensiling effective way preserve fresh pasture and solve problem stable storage conversion paper mulberry in rapid growth period. However, low dry matter (DM), water-soluble carbohydrate, lactic acid bacteria (LAB) reduce quality silage. This study assesses...

This study investigated the feasibility of producing L-lactic acid (LA) from dry corn stalk (DCS) that was pretreated by ensiling an anaerobic microbial community consisting Bacillus coagulans, Lactobacillus fermentum, and Enterococcus durans. After 28 days ensiling, LA acetic content in microsilage 2.04 ± 0.08% 0.38 0.01%, respectively, pH 4.47 0.13. became dominant microbiota during process. ...

Grain sorghum grown in 38-cm rows (high density [HD]) or 76-cm rows (normal density [ND]) was treated as follows: steam-flaked (SF), high-moisture-harvested followed by rolling and ensiling (HM), or dry-rolled (DR). Resulting grains were evaluated using lambs in two 5 x 5 Latin square digestion trials. Treatment diets contained either SF-HD, SF-ND, HM-HD, HM-ND, or DR-ND grain sorghum in two tr...

Ensiling is a method of preserving a moist crop. A moist crop can support the growth of a wide range of microorganisms, most of which will degrade the nutrient value to livestock. However, ensiling generally controls microbial activity by a combination of an anaerobic environment and a natural fermentation of sugars by lactic acid bacteria on the crop. This fermentation and the resulting low pH...

Many research efforts have been devoted to find ways how to produce silages with maximum nutritive value, good fermentation and low mould and yeast counts. While there are different objectives in using silage additives, the main objectives are to improve fermentation and reduce dry matter loss, and to prevent secondary fermentation at feed out time. This paper presents our most significant and ...

This study was conducted to examine effects of ensiling, toasting or ensiling plus in partial-crop field peas and faba beans harvested each with 375 g dry matter/kg (Biologische Bundesanstalt, Bundessortenamt und Chemische Industrie (BBCH) scale 79 81, respectively) on gas production post-ruminal crude protein (PRCP) concentration by vitro incubation ruminal fluid batch-cultures. The silages ma...

C ORN silage is a major source of roughage for ruminants in the cornbelt, because it is one of the most productive crops of total digestible nutrients and animal gains per acre. However, to make up a complete growingfinishing ration with corn silage it is necessary to supplement it with sources of energy, nitrogen and minerals. The addition of urea to corn, sorghum or grass at ensiling has give...